石蜡与氨基酸废母液粉配施对烟草重金属Cd吸附的阻控效应  

Blocking effect of paraffin wax and amino acid waste mother liquor powder on the adsorption heavy metal Cd of tobacco

作　　者：李云捷 李佳 陈振国 李建平 喻雪婧[1] 云月利[1] 孙光伟 朱蓉 李亚东[1] LI Yunjie;LI Jia;CHEN Zhenguo;LI Jianping;YU Xuejing;YUN Yueli;SUN Guangwei;ZHU Rong;LI Yadong(School of Life Science,Hubei University,Wuhan,430062,China;Hubei Provincial Tobacco Research Institute,Wuhan,430033,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院,武汉430062 [2]湖北省烟草科学研究院,武汉430033

出　　处：《环境化学》2024年第4期1365-1373,共9页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司科技项目(027Y2021-024)资助.

摘　　要：烟草是强富集镉(Cd)的重要经济作物.为降低烟草对Cd的吸收,以矿区污染土壤(Cd含量为0.678 mg·kg^(−1))为种植基质,烟草专用肥(硝态氮)为对照,氨基酸母液粉为新型氮肥(氨基氮),并分别配施作为土壤微生物碳源的食品级石蜡,以期促进土壤微生物种群与数量的持续增加(石蜡降解速度缓慢),通过微生物的生化调控达到降低土壤有效态Cd含量,从而减少烟叶对镉的吸收.结果表明:(1)石蜡和氨基酸废母液粉配施(T4处理)显著(P<0.05)提高土壤微生物丰富度,ACE指数达到4464.47,Chao1指数达到3888.30,氨基酸废母液粉(T3处理)土壤微生物多样性最好,Shannon指数达到6.4066;(2)施加氨基酸废母液粉(T3、T4处理)可显著(P<0.05)提高土壤pH值,3个时期(烟叶旺长期、打顶期、成熟期)最大提高量分别为0.23、0.49和0.35;(3)石蜡和氨基酸废母液粉显著(P<0.05)降低土壤有效态Cd含量,3个时期较烟草专用肥组(T1处理)分别降低了14.8%—20.7%、18.6%—34.5%、20.5%—36.7%;(4)石蜡和氨基酸废母液粉显著(P<0.05)降低烟叶Cd含量,3个时期较烟草专用肥(T1处理)分别降低了0.6%—10.2%、8.2%—26.2%、13.8%—38.9%.因此,石蜡和氨基酸废母液粉配施能够有效提高土壤微生物丰富度和多样性,降低土壤有效态Cd含量,减少烟草对Cd的吸收.Tobacco is an important cash crop with strong enrichment of cadmium(Cd).In order to reduce the absorption of Cd by tobacco,the contaminated soil in mining area(Cd content is 0.678 mg·kg^(−1))is used as planting substrate.In this experiment,tobacco special fertilizer(nitrate nitrogen)was used as control,the amino acid waste mother liquor powder was a new nitrogen fertilizer(amino acid nitrogen),and paraffin wax(food-grade)as soil microbial carbon source was applied separately.The purpose is to promote the continuous increase of soil microbial population and quantity(the degradation rate of paraffin wax is slow.),and reduce the soil available Cd content through biochemical regulation of microorganisms,thereby reducing the absorption of Cd by tobacco leaves.The results showed that:(1)Paraffin wax and amino acid waste mother liquor powder(T4 treatment)significantly(P<0.05)increased the soil microbial richness,the ACE reached 4464.47,the chao1 reached 3888.30,the amino acid waste mother liquor powder(T3 treatment)soil microbial Shannon diversity was the best,and the Shannon reached 6.4066;(2)the application of amino acid waste mother liquor powder(T3,T4 treatment)could significantly increase soil pH(P<0.05),and the maximum increases in the three periods were 0.23、0.49 and 0.35 units.(3)Paraffin wax and amino acid waste mother liquor powder significantly(P<0.05)reduced the soil effective Cd content,which was reduced by 14.8%-20.7%,18.6%-34.5%and 20.5%-36.7%compared with the tobacco special fertilizer group(T1 treatment)in the three periods.(4)Paraffin wax and amino acid waste mother liquor powder significantly(P<0.05)reduced the Cd content of tobacco leaves,and decreased by 0.6%-10.2%,8.2%-26.2%and 13.8%-38.9%compared with tobacco special fertilizer(T1 treatment)in the three periods.Therefore,the combination of paraffin wax and amino acid waste mother liquor powder can effectively improve the richness and diversity of soil microorganisms and reduce the soil effective Cd content.Finally,the absorption of Cd by toba

关 键 词：石蜡 氨基酸废母液粉 土壤微生物 烟草 镉 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]