性善论的两个缺陷与弥补之道——儒家生生伦理学对孟子性善论的再思考  

A Remedy for Two Deficiencies in the Theory of Innate Goodness:A Reconsideration of Mencius’Theory from the Perspective of Confucian Shengsheng Ethics

作　　者：杨泽波 Yang Zebo

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心,济南250100 [2]复旦大学哲学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《管子学刊》2024年第2期79-86,共8页GuanZi Journal

摘　　要：性善论对中国文化作出了重大贡献,但隐含着两个缺陷。一是只以“才”论性善,不了解性善的主干部分是伦理心境。二是只以仁性作为道德根据,不重视智性的作用。这两个缺陷对儒学发展产生了深刻的影响。前者致使其对道德本体的认识不够全面,不了解在特殊情况下道德本体也会出现问题;后者致使其对道德根据的理解有失狭隘,引发了正宗与旁出之争。要克服这两个缺陷,一个有效的办法是对性善论进行新的诠释,既讲生长倾向,又讲伦理心境,既讲仁性,又讲智性。儒家生生伦理学在这方面作出了有益尝试,预示着一个颇具潜力的发展方向。The theory of innate goodness is found to have inherently two deficiencies in spite of its significant contributions made to Chinese culture.For one thing,this theory only views“talents”as the basis of innate goodness while neglects the ethical disposition as the core component;for another,it treats benevolence as the sole moral basis while overlooks the role of wisdom.These two deficiencies have influenced profoundly the development of Confucianism:the former leads to an incomplete understanding of morality ontology(which might cause a problematic understanding of morality ontology);and the latter a narrow understanding of moral basis(gives rise to debates over orthodox and heterodox interpretations).An effective approach to overcome these two deficiencies is to interpret this theory in a different way:by encompassing both growth tendency and ethical disposition;by combining benevolence and wisdom.To address this issue,Confucian Shengsheng ethics is making valuable attempts and is proving itself to be a promising direction for further development.

关 键 词：孟子 性善论 儒家生生伦理学 三分法 

分 类 号：B244.6[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B262