饲料中添加串叶松香草对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和脂肪代谢的影响  

Effects of dietary supplementation of Silphium perfoliatum on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala

作　　者：胡颂钦 林艳[2] 史秀兰 迟长虹 严盈 缪凌鸿[1,2] 董在杰[1,2] HU Songqin;LIN Yan;SHI Xiulan;CHI Changhong;YAN Ying;MIAO Linghong;DONG Zaijie(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuxi 214081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,农业农村部淡水渔业和种质资源利用重点实验室,江苏无锡214081

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第4期280-293,共14页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-45);江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划(SJCX22_0212)。

摘　　要：为探讨饲料中添加串叶松香草对团头鲂幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力和脂代谢的影响,实验选取240尾初始体重为(3.85±0.50)g的团头鲂幼鱼,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每重复20尾鱼。各组分别投喂串叶松香草添加水平为0%(对照组)、2%、4%和6%的实验饲料,饲喂8周后测定鱼体生长性能、肌肉组成、血液生化、肝肠抗氧化和肝脏脂代谢相关基因表达。结果显示,相较于对照组,4%和6%串叶松香草组的增重率、特定生长率显著下降,6%组的终末均重显著降低,饵料系数显著增加。在抗氧化能力方面,2%串叶松香草组鱼体肠道过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组。在脂肪沉积和代谢方面,4%和6%串叶松香草组鱼体肌肉粗脂肪含量显著高于对照组。4%和6%串叶松香草组肠道脂肪酶活性显著低于对照组。6%串叶松香草组血清中的甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)均显著高于对照组。4%和6%串叶松香草组肝脏中脂肪合成基因fas、srebp1c的表达量显著升高。同时,6%串叶松香草组肝脏中脂肪分解基因lpl、cpt1a、pparβ的表达量显著下降。CCl4溶液腹腔注射应激96 h后2%串叶松香草组累积死亡率低于对照组,且应激24 h后鱼体肝脏SOD活性显著高于对照组。研究表明,在饲料中添加2%的串叶松香草对团头鲂幼鱼的生长和饲料利用无不利影响,并且能够提高肠道的抗氧化能力,而当添加量增加至4%和6%时会抑制鱼体生长,并引起团头鲂幼鱼脂肪沉积。本研究结果为串叶松香草在水产动物饲料中的应用提供了参考。In order to avoid competition between aquatic animals and humans,seeking new feed raw materials has become an important direction for the healthy development of aquaculture.Silphium perfoliatum,also known as rosin,has the advantage of“not competing with grain for land”.This study is conducted to investigate the effects of dietary S.perfoliatum(SP)supplementation on the growth performance,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile Megalobrama amblycephala.Four experimental diets were formulated containing 0%(control group),2%,4%and 6%S.perfoliatum(SP).Two hundred and forty healthy M.amblycephala juveniles(3.85±0.50 g)were randomly fed one of the four experimental diets in triplicates(20 fish per tank)for 8 weeks.After the 8-week feeding trial,the growth performance,muscle composition,plasma biochemical indicators,hepatic and intestinal antioxidant capability,and gene expressions related to lipid metabolism were measured.The results showed the following.Compared to the control group,the weight gain rate(WGR)and specific growth rate(SGR)were significantly lower in the 4%and 6%SP supplementary groups(P<0.05).In the 6%group,the final body weight(FBW)was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the feed coefficient ratio(FCR)was significantly higher(P<0.05).As to the antioxidant capability,the levels of catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in the intestine were significantly higher in SP supplementary groups compared to the control group(P<0.05).In terms of fat deposition and lipid metabolism,fat contents in the muscle of the 4%and 6%SP supplementary groups were significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The intestinal lipase activity was significantly lower in the 4%and 6%SP supplementary groups compared to the control group(P<0.05).The contents of plasma triglycerides(TG),cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),and lowdensity lipoprotein(LDL)in the 6%SP supplementation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Meanwhile,

关 键 词：团头鲂 串叶松香草 生长性能 抗氧化能力 脂代谢 

分 类 号：S965.119[农业科学—水产养殖]