基于县域尺度的人口平均受教育年限时空分异及其影响因素研究——以四川省为例  

Spatio-temporal Differentiation and Influencing Factorsof the Average Education Years of the Population Based on the County Scale:A Case Study of Sichuan Province

作　　者：李良鑫 李文颜 李慧 魏兴萍[1,2,3] LI Liang-xin;LI Wen-yan;LI Hui;WEI Xing-ping(School of Geography and Tourism Science,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research in the Upper Yangtze River,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China;Three Gorges Reservoir Area Earth Surface Ecological Processes of Chongqing Observation and Research Station,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆师范大学长江上游湿地科学研究重庆市重点实验室,重庆401331 [3]重庆师范大学三峡库区地表生态过程重庆市野外科学观测研究站,重庆401331

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期267-274,共8页Journal of China West Normal University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42107355,41202135);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0616,cstc2016jcyjA0150)。

摘　　要：为探究县域尺度的人口平均受教育年限时空分异特征及其影响因素,以四川省183个区县为研究对象,采用Moran’s I指数、冷热点分析等方法,利用OLS模型和GWR模型分析四川省人口平均受教育年限的空间分布格局和演变特征及其影响因素。结果表明:四川省大部分区县人口平均受教育年限处于初中水平,区域差距显著,两极分化明显;成都平原区人口平均受教育年限相对较高,周边低山丘陵区相对均衡,高山、高原和边远地区相对较低;空间集聚特征显著,中间热,西部冷,呈现出数字“10”字形分布格局,热点区以成都市为核心呈类圆状分布,冷点区多见于西部,随着时间推移冷热点区域变化不明显;GDP、第一产业比重、城镇化率、单位面积学校所服务范围、小学生师比5个变量估计系数的空间分异明显,且各因素间在空间上存在异质性。未来四川省在保障教育资源、教育机会的公平性时,要明确西部地区与其他地区、冷点区与热点区的差距,补齐落后与发达地区之间的平均受教育年限差距是实现教育脱贫的重要措施。Taking 183 districts and counties in Sichuan province as the research objects,employing Moran s I index,cold-hot spot analysis and other methods,the spatial distribution pattern,evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the average education years of the population in Sichuan province are analyzed with the aid of OLS model and GWR model.The results are as follows:the average education years of the population in most districts and counties of Sichuan province are at the junior high school level,with significant regional differences and obvious polarization;the average education years of the population is relatively high in Chengdu Plain and balanced in the surrounding low mountains and hilly areas,but relatively low in the mountains,plateaus and remote areas;the spatial agglomeration characteristics are significant,hot in the middle and cold in the west,presenting a figure 10-shaped distribution pattern;the hot spots are distributed in a circular shape with Chengdu as the core,and the cold spots are more common in the west,but the variation of cold and hot spots is not obvious over time;the spatial differentiation is obvious for the estimated coefficients of the five variables of GDP,the proportion of the primary industry,the urbanization rate,the service scope of the school per unit area,and the student-staff ratio at primary school,and there is spatial heterogeneity among the factors.In the future,when ensuring the fairness of educational resources and educational opportunities,Sichuan province should clarify the gap between the west part and other areas,cold spots and hot spots,and fill in the gap between the average education years of the backward and developed areas.These are the important measures to achieve education poverty alleviation.

关 键 词：平均受教育年限 地理加权回归 空间分布 时空分异 四川省 

分 类 号：K901.3[历史地理—人文地理学]