刑民交叉案件中未成年被害人权利保护的司法困境及消解  

The Judicial Dilemma and Solution of Juvenile Victim Rights Protection in Criminal-Civilian Cases

作　　者：冯元新[1] Feng Yuanxin

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学

出　　处：《青少年犯罪问题》2024年第2期149-160,共12页Issues on Juvenile Crimes and Delinquency

摘　　要：近年来虽然侵害未成年人的犯罪总量有所下降,但低龄未成年人和性侵受害案件依然有所增加。在涉少的民刑交叉案件中,应当根据《联合国保护儿童权利公约》所引申的儿童利益最大化、双向保护和国家亲权三项原则,结合域内外有益司法经验,通过对现行法律规范的分析构建起多层次、多维度的未成年被害人民事权利保护体系,形成未成年被害人刑民交叉案件的处理规则。并从未成年被害人民事权益的保障角度出发,将民事法律纳入到刑事司法程序的射程内,依职权探知未成年被害人所遭受的民事权益侵害,并履行司法机关的释法义务,将精神损害赔偿纳入附带民事诉讼或单独提起民事诉讼的赔偿范围,才能全面保护未成年被害人合法权益。Although the total number of crimes against minors has decreased in recent years,cases of young minors and sexual assaults have increased.However,victims in criminal litigation have no right to claim for mental damage in principle.In these circumstances,according to the three principles established by Convention on the Rights of the Child comprising maximization of child rights,two-way protection,and parens patriae,combined with beneficial judicial experience at home and abroad,through the analysis of existing law and regulation and the construction of multi-layered and multi-dimensional protection system of the civil rights of juvenile victims,the processing rules of criminal-civilian cases involving juvenile victims are gradually formed.To fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of juvenile victims,it is necessary to bring civil law into the scope of criminal and judicial procedure based on the perspective of protecting the civil rights of juvenile victims,exploring the infringement of civil rights and interests suffered by juvenile victims under the limits of power.It also requires judicial authorities to fulfill their duties of interpreting the law,bringing mental damage compensation into the scope of compensation for criminal incidental civil litigation or individual civil litigation.

关 键 词：刑民交叉 未成年被害人 权利保护 未成年人司法原则 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学] D925.1[政治法律—法学] D926.3