急诊科护理人员职业应激与应对策略研究  

Research on Occupational Stress and Coping Strategies of Emergency Nursing Staff

作　　者：程明雪 张琳[1] 张长敏[1] CHENG Mingxue;ZHANG Lin;ZHANG Changmin(Shandong University Qilu Hospital,Jinan,Shandong 250000)

机构地区：[1]山东大学齐鲁医院,山东济南250000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2024年第4期185-188,共4页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的探讨急诊科护理人员日常工作的压力源及影响因素。方法采取描述性方式选取2021年8月—2022年8月在本院急诊科工作的112名护士,发放问卷调查其一般资料、压力源量表、心理卫生评定量表、应对量表,以发现急诊护士心理问题,寻求有效应对策略。结果①急诊护士工作压力包括护理工作与专业、工作量与时间分配、工作环境与资源、患者护理以及管理与人际关系共五方面;②急诊护士由于压力过大易出现抑郁、强迫、焦虑、恐惧以及心理疾病;③针对急诊护士的心理问题,实施积极有效的应对策略后,发生不良心理问题情况明显降低,与实施应对策略前相比存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论采取合理有效的应对策略,能够有效减轻急诊护士压力,缓解由于应激源而产生的心理问题,促进身心健康;应积极采取有效应对策略,构建科室支持系统,以减轻压力,促进急诊护士健康发展。Objective To explore sources of stress and influencing factors in daily work of emergency nursing staff.Methods The paper chose nurses worked in emergency department of our hospital from August 2021 to August 2022 with descriptive methods,investigated general information,stressors scale,psychological health assessment scale,coping scale,and satisfaction degree with questionnaire survey,to identify psychological issues of emergency nurses and seek effective coping strategies.Results①Work pressure of emergency nurses included five aspects:nursing work and profession,workload and time allocation,work environment and resources,care for patients,and management and interpersonal relationships.②Emergency nurses might suffer depression,compulsion,anxiety,fear,and psychological disorders due to excessive pressure.③After positive and effective coping strategies for psychological problems of emergency nurses,incidence of adverse psychological problems was significantly lower than before,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Reasonable and effective coping strategies can reduce pressure on emergency nurses,alleviate psychological problems caused by stressors,and promote physical and mental health effectively.It is necessary to carry on effective response strategies,build departmental support system to alleviate stress and promote healthy development of emergency nurses.

关 键 词：急诊科 职业应激 心理问题 负性情绪 应对策略 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]