在优秀与平等之间:高等教育规模扩张进程中精英教育的发展  

Between Excellence and Equality:Development of Elite Education in the Process of Higher Education Expansion

作　　者：马培培[1] 杨晨晨[1] MA Peipei;YANG Chenchen(Nantong University,Nantong 226019,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南通大学,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（高教研究版）》2024年第2期14-24,共11页Journal of Yangzhou University（Higher Education Study Edition）

基　　金：2022年江苏省高等教育学会《江苏高教》专项课题“基于教师主体意识的大学质量文化建设研究”;2023年江苏省高等教育教改研究课题“基于教师赋权增能的大学内部质量保障体系构建研究”(2023JSJG478)。

摘　　要：精英高等教育阶段,追求优秀、培养精英是大学的基本理念。20世纪中叶以来,高等教育的发展理念以平等主义逐渐取代精英主义,而随着以平等为目的的高等教育规模不断扩张,大学精英教育的特质也被高等职业教育和尖端科学研究的普适性所取代。但精英教育逐渐被大众教育取代,也使曾经以精英主义为理念的大学越发难以培养出英才。当今我国已经迈入普及高等教育阶段,规模扩张的进程还在继续,在此背景下,只有从平等主义理论和精英主义理论角度来审视优秀与平等之间的矛盾,才能在规模扩张进程中把握大众教育与精英教育的合理尺度,从而实现高等教育的高质量发展。In the stage of elite-oriented higher education,cultivating the elites is the essential goal of universities.Since the mid of the 20th century,egalitarianism has gradually replaced elitism in the development of higher education.With the higher education expansion aiming at egalitarianism,the characteristics of elite education in universities have been replaced by higher vocational education and the general application of cutting-edge scientific research.In this context,elite education is facing the fate of being exiled,and it is increasingly difficult for universities to cultivate top talents.Today,China has entered the stage of universal higher education,and the higher education expansion is still continuing.In this background,only by examining the contradiction between excellence and equality with the theory of egalitarianism and elitism can we set up the reasonable scale of mass and elite education so as to realize the high-quality development of higher education.

关 键 词：高等教育规模扩张 教育平等 英才培育 精英教育 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]