复杂裂纹涡流检测与评估方法研究  

Research on eddy current testing and defect evaluation methods for complex cracks

作　　者：靳建辉 张卿 韩博 杨世品 任毅[2] Jin Jianhui;Zhang Qing;Han Bo;Yang Shipin;Ren Yi(College of Electrical Engineering and Control Science,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学电气工程与控制科学学院,南京211816 [2]江苏省特种设备安全监督检验研究院,南京210009

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2024年第2期280-288,共9页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61973334,61903193);江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划(KJ2022005,KJ2022002)项目资助。

摘　　要：钢轨表面及上表面产生的滚动接触疲劳裂纹通常以斜裂纹或多角度复杂裂纹的形态存在,对其检测和评估是个难题。基于此,采用基于无线能量传输的涡流检测方法(WPT-ECT),设计新的探头结构并结合神经网络算法对裂纹进行检测和评估。首先,有别于现有WPT-ECT方法,采用增大激励频率,而非串并联电容的方式,构造谐振电路;其次,根据复杂裂纹的特点,设计由两个八字形激励线圈和两个矩形接收线圈组成的方向性探头结构;最后,充分提取检测信号的特征,并运用径向基神经网络算法对裂纹进行识别。仿真和实验结果表明,所提出的探头结构对任何角度的缺陷均敏感。同时,RBF算法对斜裂纹、T裂纹、Y裂纹和1.2 mm提离下的T裂纹的识别准确率分别为92.00%、95.27%、96.64%和89.50%。The rolling contact fatigue cracks on the rail surface and upper surface usually exist in the form of inclined cracks or multi-angle complex cracks,which are difficult to detect and evaluate.Based on this,the wireless power transfer-eddy current testing(WPT-ECT)is adopted.A new probe structure is designed,and neural network algorithms are combined to detect and evaluate cracks.Firstly,different from the existing wireless power transfer-eddy current testing methods,the resonant circuit is constructed by increasing the excitation frequency instead of the series-parallel capacitance.Secondly,according to the characteristics of complex cracks,a directional probe structure consisting of two eight-figure excitation coils and two rectangular receiving coils is designed.Finally,the features of the detected signal are fully extracted,and the cracks are identified by the radial basis function neural network algorithm.Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed probe structure is sensitive to defects at any angle.Meanwhile,the recognition accuracy of the radial basis function algorithm for oblique crack,T crack,Y crack,and T crack with 1.2 mm lift-off is 92.00%,95.27%,96.64%,and 89.50%,respectively.

关 键 词：滚动接触疲劳裂纹 无线能量传输 涡流检测 特征量提取 径向基神经网络 

分 类 号：TH878[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TM154[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]