特发性脊柱侧弯患者步行生物力学特征:三维运动捕捉的横断面分析  

Biomechanical characteristics of walking in patients with idiopathic scoliosis:cross-sectional analysis of three-dimensional motion capture

作　　者：苟艳芸 侯美金 江征[1] 陈少清[1] 陈祥 高誉展 王芗斌[1] Gou Yanyun;Hou Meijin;Jiang Zheng;Chen Shaoqing;Chen Xiang;Gao Yuzhan;Wang Xiangbin(Rehabilitation Medicine School of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,Fujian Province,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学康复医学院,福建省福州市350122

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第3期471-477,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(82205306),项目负责人:苟艳芸。

摘　　要：背景:脊柱侧弯的生物力学分析病例数量有限,仅限于对脊柱或下肢独立进行生物力学分析,缺乏对人体多维度整体的评估,难以反映躯干与下肢在日常活动中的运动关系,不利于综合指导临床治疗。目的:通过测量脊柱侧弯患者在步行活动中的脊柱运动学,研究脊柱不同节段及下肢运动学/动力学在步态活动中的关系,以全方位多层次评估脊柱侧弯患者与正常人群在生物力学的差异,为临床防治脊柱侧弯提供循证依据。方法:此研究为一项横断面研究,于2020年7月至2021年6月,在福州大学城、福建中医药大学附属康复医院纳入脊柱侧弯患者28例及同年龄段正常人28例。采用三维运动捕捉系统以100 Hz的采样频率捕捉步态的运动学数据,2块测力台(AMTI 400600,采样频率1500 Hz)嵌于长10 m(数据采集有效长度为4 m),宽2.4 m平地走道采集动力学数据。比较两组受试者执行平地步行时步态时空参数,运动学及动力学参数的差异。所有受试者在纳入后立即接受全脊柱X射线片测量比较两组差异。结果与结论:(1)脊柱侧弯患者肩胛带-躯干相对旋转活动度、胸廓-骨盆相对旋转活动度较正常组小(P<0.05),骨盆旋转活动度相较正常组大(P<0.05)。(2)脊柱侧弯患者髋、膝关节屈伸活动度,髋关节凹凸侧屈伸峰力矩、地反力凸侧内外向峰值较正常组小(P<0.05)。(3)脊柱侧弯患者的膝关节屈伸活动度非对称性指数、肩胛带-躯干相对旋转活动度非对称性指数、胸廓-骨盆相对旋转活动度非对称性指数较正常组大(P<0.05)。(4)上述结果证实,脊柱侧弯患者在平地行走时肩胛带-胸廓-骨盆之间僵硬的运动模式,髋膝关节屈伸活动度减少,髋关节双侧屈伸力矩峰值及地反力凸侧内外向峰值降低。这些特征可以作为康复评估及治疗方案制定的依据。BACKGROUND:The biomechanical analysis of scoliosis cases is limited,with only independent analysis focusing on the spine or lower limbs,thus lacking a comprehensive evaluation of the multidimensional body.As a result,it becomes challenging to reflect the movement relationship between the trunk and lower OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between different segments of the spine and the kinematics/kinetics of the lower limbs during gait activities by measuring spinal kinematics in scoliosis patients,to provide a comprehensive and multi-level assessment of the biomechanical differences between scoliosis patients and the normal population,consequently offering evidence-based guidance for the prevention and treatment of scoliosis.METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to June 2021 at the Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Fuzhou University City.A total of 28 scoliosis patients and 28 normal individuals in the same age group were included.Three-dimensional motion capture system was used to capture gait kinematic data at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz.Two force plates(AMTI 400600,sampling frequency 1500 Hz)were embedded in a 10-meter-long 2.4-meter-wide level ground walkway(with an effective data collection length of 4 m)to collect kinetic data.The differences in spatial-temporal parameters,kinematics,and kinetics of gait between the two groups were compared.Immediately after inclusion,all subjects underwent full spinal X-ray measurements to compare the differences between the scoliosis and normal groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Patients with scoliosis exhibited reduced relative rotational range of motion between the shoulder and trunk,as well as between the thorax and pelvis,compared to the normal group(P<0.05).However,the rotational range of motion in the pelvis was larger in patients with scoliosis compared to the normal group(P<0.05).(2)Patients with scoliosis showed decreased range of motion in the hip and knee joints,as well as reduc

关 键 词：特发性脊柱侧弯 三维运动捕捉 步态 平地行走 运动学 动力学 运动模式 全脊柱X射线片 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] R604