新型可复用着陆缓冲装置设计与分析  

Design and Analysis of a New Reusable Lander

作　　者：贾山 胡汝洁 周向华 刘韶阳 吴明阳 陈金宝 JIA Shan;HU Rujie;ZHOU Xianghua;LIU Shaoyang;WU Mingyang;CHEN Jinbao(Academy of Astronautics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 211106,China;Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,China;Laboratory of Aerospace Entry,Descent and Landing Technology,Nanjing 211106,China;Key Laboratory of Deep Space Star Catalog Detection Mechanism Technology,Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Nanjing 211106,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航天学院,南京211106 [2]沈阳飞机设计研究所,沈阳110035 [3]航天进入减速与着陆技术实验室,南京211106 [4]深空星表探测机构技术工信部重点实验室,南京211106

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2024年第2期1-18,共18页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075242);国家科技专项计划(2021-JCIO-JJ-0233,23-TQ01-04-ZT-01-017,D050202);中央高校基本科研业务费(NT2022026)。

摘　　要：针对目前着陆缓冲装置对着陆地形要求较高且不可复用的缺点,参照自然界中的昆虫着陆腿结构的组成,提出一种可复用的基于仿生结构的四腿式着陆器。支撑腿采取“刚性体控制大腿结构+圆弧结构小腿”的组成方式,并采用摩擦制动器作为缓冲吸能装置的设计方法,通过摩擦力做功,使着陆冲击载荷以热能的形式耗散,实现缓冲吸能。应用D-H参数法推导支撑腿的齐次矩阵变换,对该仿生腿式缓降结构进行支撑腿的正逆运动学分析,建立支撑腿的理论模型并进行动力学仿真。进行了整机多工况落震仿真分析并建立了支撑腿小腿的有限元模型,分析飞行器在支撑腿所受冲击力最大情况下的支撑腿小腿应力应变,结果表明可复用着陆器具有良好的着陆缓冲性能,可为我国后续深空探测任务提供一种可行方案。To improve the shortcomings of the current landing cushion device that requires high landing terrain and is not reusable,a reusable four-legged lander based on a bionic structure is designed with reference to the composition of insect landing leg structures in nature.The support leg adopts the composition of“rigid body control thigh structure plus circular arc structure leg structure”,using a friction brake as a design method for a cushioning and energy absorbing device,which makes the landing impact load as thermal energy by friction work.The friction brake is applied to dissipate the landing impact load in the form of thermal energy to achieve cushion energy absorption.The D-H parametric method is applied to derive the chi-square matrix transformation of the support leg,and the forward and reverse kinematics analysis of the support leg is carried out for the bionic leg type cushioning structure.The theoretical model of the support leg is established and dynamics simulation is performed.The result shows that the reusable lander has good landing buffer performance and can provide a feasible solution for China’s subsequent deep space exploration missions.

关 键 词：可复用 着陆器 动力学分析 摩擦制动 着陆缓冲 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]