日语因果复句中的不定形分析  

Analysis of Infinitive in Japanese Causal Complex Sentences

作　　者：唐亮 TANG Liang(Yangzhou University,Yangzhou Jiangsu,225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第9期23-26,共4页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

基　　金：国家社科科学基金青年项目“类型学视域下汉语和日语的动词体范畴比较研究”(项目编号:17CYY055);江苏省社科科学基金项目“因果系统与时间系统接口的汉日认知对比研究”(项目编号:19YYC004);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目“因果复句中时间关系表现方式的汉日对比”(项目编号:2019SJA1828)的最终成果。

摘　　要：该研究目的在于探讨不定形概念在解释日语因果复句中特殊时间关系时的有效性,即是否可以应用到特殊时间关系的分析之中。“不定形(non-finites)”是印欧语中的一个概念,指的是不带有时态等曲折变化的动词形态,仅把动词所表达的动作作为一个概念提出,是一个超越了动词时体体系的概念。日语中虽不存在严格意义上不定形的概念,但是复句中从句的特殊ル形如果用不定形来解释,将可获得有效解释。该研究通过对不定形概念用于解释复合句中时体特殊现象的有效性进行探讨,考察英语动词概念是否适用于日语,如果适用,具有哪些特征和条件,最后确认在从句中不定形形式和功能的实际情况。经过分析得知,在解释因果复句中特殊时间关系时不定法的概念比不定形的概念更加合理和有效。The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness of the concept of infinitive in explaining the special temporal relationships in Japanese causal complex sentences,and whether it can be applied to the analysis of these relationships."Infinitive"is a concept in Indo-European languages that refers to verb forms that do not have tense or other inflectional changes,and only present the action expressed by the verb as a concept.It is a concept that goes beyond the verb tense system.Although there is no strict concept of infinitive in Japanese,if the special"Ru"form of the subordinate clause in complex sentences is interpreted as infinitive,it can effectively explain this phenomenon.This paper discusses the effectiveness of the concept of infinitive in addressing the temporal phenomena in complex sentences.We will examine whether this English verb concept is applicable to Japanese,and if applicable,what features and conditions it has.Finally,this paper confirms the actual form and function of infinitive in subordinate clauses.Through analysis,it is found that the concept of infinitive is more reasonable and effective than the concept of infinitive in explaining the special temporal relationships in causal complex sentences.

关 键 词：因果关系 复合关系句 不定形 不定法 时体体系 特殊时间关系 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]