丛毛羊胡子草对砷等5种重金属的耐性及开发利用探讨  

Study on Tolerance to Arsenic and Other Five Heavy Metals and Exploitation and Utilization of Eriophorum comosum Nees

作　　者：覃勇荣 林晓倩 刘旭辉 陆素芬 邓慧莲 解文惠 QIN Yongrong;LIN Xiaoqian;LIU Xuhui;LU Sufen;DENG Huilian;XIE Wenhui(School of Chemistry and Bio-engineering,Hechi University,Yizhou 546300,China)

机构地区：[1]河池学院化学与生物工程学院,广西宜州546300

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2024年第3期68-77,共10页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广西蚕桑生态学与智能化技术应用重点实验室项目(桂科基字[2022]60号);桂西北地方资源保护与利用工程中心项目(桂教科研2012[9]号);河池学院高层次人才科研启动费项目(XJ2018GKQ015,XJ2018GKQ016)。

摘　　要：为了探讨丛毛羊胡子草对重金属的耐性,采集广西南丹有色金属矿区自然分布的丛毛羊胡子草及其根部土壤样品,用ICP-MS测定样品中的Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb含量,并对丛毛羊胡子草地上和地下部分的重金属富集系数及地上部分的重金属转运系数进行比较分析,对丛毛羊胡子草根部土壤的污染情况进行评价。结果表明,丛毛羊胡子草根部土壤5种被测的重金属元素含量较高,其平均含量分别为:Cu 333.18 mg/kg、Zn 17 139.20 mg/kg、As 10 338.37 mg/kg、Cd 115.97 mg/kg、Pb 3 497.25 mg/kg,单因子污染指数和内梅罗综合污染指数均已达到重度以上污染等级,其中As、Cd、Zn的污染尤为严重,Pb和Cu的污染程度相对较轻,不同重金属元素污染程度高低排序为As>Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu;丛毛羊胡子草地上部分和地下部分5种被测重金属元素的平均含量分别为:Cu 16.69 mg/kg、Zn 465.45 mg/kg、As 98.92 mg/kg、Cd 5.03 mg/kg、Pb 129.49 mg/kg和Cu 38.05 mg/kg、Zn894.23 mg/kg、As 461.72 mg/kg、Cd 8.27 mg/kg、Pb 221.72 mg/kg,其地上部分的重金属富集系数和转运系数较小,地下部分的重金属富集系数相对较大,吸收的重金属元素主要集中在根部,对被测重金属元素的耐受性可能属于根部囤积型和防御型;虽然丛毛羊胡子草不是超累积植物,但其对被测重金属元素具有一定的吸收和转运能力,能够耐受高浓度的砷、镉等重金属复合胁迫,生命力强,生物量大,对生境要求不高,因此,可以作为重金属重度污染土壤修复的优势植物栽植。In order to demonstrate the tolerance of Eriophorum comosum to heavy metals,the samples of E.comosum naturally distributed in the Nandan nonferrous metal mining area in Guangxi and its root soil were collected,and the contents of Cu,Zn,As,Cd,and Pb in the samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The heavy metal enrichment coefficient of the aboveground and underground parts of E.comosum,and the heavy metal transport coefficient of the aboveground parts of E.comosum were compared and analyzed.The pollution of E.comosum root soil was evaluated.The results showed that the content of five heavy metal elements measured in the root soil of E.comosum was relatively high,with an average content of Cu 333.18 mg/kg,Zn 17 139.20 mg/kg,As 10 338.37 mg/kg,Cd 115.97 mg/kg,and Pb 3 497.25 mg/kg,respectively.The single factor pollution index and Nemero comprehensive pollution index had reached a level of severe pollution or above,with As,Cd,Zn being particularly severe,and Pb and Cu being relatively mild,the order of pollution levels of different heavy metal elements was As>Cd>Zn>Pb>Cu.The average contents of five heavy metal elements measured in the aboveground and underground parts of E.comosum were Cu 16.69 mg/kg,Zn 465.45 mg/kg,As 98.92 mg/kg,Cd 5.03 mg/kg,and Pb 129.49 mg/kg and Cu 38.05 mg/kg,Zn 894.23 mg/kg,As 461.72 mg/kg,Cd 8.27 mg/kg,and Pb 221.72 mg/kg,respectively.The heavy metal enrichment and transport coefficients in the aboveground parts were relatively small,while the heavy metal enrichment coefficients in the underground parts were relatively large.The absorbed heavy metal elements were mainly concentrated in the roots,and the tolerance to the measured heavy metal elements probably belonged to the root accumulation and defense types.Although it was not a hyperaccumulative plant,it had a certain ability to absorb and transport heavy metal elements,and could withstand high concentrations of arsenic,cadmium and other heavy metal complex stress.It had strong vitality,high biomas

关 键 词：丛毛羊胡子草 土壤重金属污染 重金属复合胁迫 ICP-MS 重金属耐性 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X53