γδT细胞免疫疗法的最新临床研究进展  

γδThe Latest Clinical Research Progress of T Cell Immunotherapy

作　　者：周永军 邹巧云 胡艳艳 Yongjun Zhou;Qiaoyun Zou;Yanyan Hu(Gansu Medical College,Pingliang,Gansu 744099)

机构地区：[1]甘肃医学院,甘肃平凉744099

出　　处：《医学研究前沿》2024年第2期40-43,共4页

摘　　要：γδT细胞是固有免疫系统中的效应细胞,这些细胞以MHC不受限制的方式发挥作用,使它们成为癌症免疫治疗的理想介质,近年来在过继性T细胞免疫疗法中越来越受欢迎。T细胞有两种类型,包括αβT细胞和γδT细胞。前者表达T细胞受体(TCR),该受体包含α链和β链的异二聚体。后者表达包含γ链和δ链异二聚体的TCR,通常不表达共受体CD4和CD8,平均占人类外周血T细胞的4%。γδT细胞是MHC非依赖性的,并已被发现识别多种配体分子,如BTN家族蛋白(BTN2A1/BTN3A1和BTNL3/BTNL8)、MHC相关蛋白。γδT细胞通过其TCR识别这些分子,并表达先天受体,如NKG2D、Toll样受体(TLRs)和CD16。γδT细胞在对抗感染性和肿瘤疾病中发挥重要作用,γδT细胞的免疫反应本质上偏向于I型免疫,I型免疫对感染细胞和肿瘤细胞产生强烈的细胞毒性作用(主要通过颗粒酶B和穿孔素),并导致IFN-γ产生增加。已有的研究表明,γδT细胞与癌症的良好预后呈正相关。这进一步支持了在癌症治疗中引入γδT细胞免疫疗法。γδT cells are effector cells in the innate immune system,which function in an unrestricted manner by MHC,making them an ideal mediator for cancer immunotherapy.In recent years,they have become increasingly popular in adoptive T cell immunotherapy.There are two types of T cells,includingαβT cells andγδT cells.The former expresses T cell receptor(TCR),which includesαChain andβHet⁃erodimer of chains.The latter expression includesγChain andδThe TCR of heterodimers typically does not express co receptors CD4 and CD8,and accounts for an average of 4%of human peripheral blood T cells.γδT cells are MHC independent and have been found to recog⁃nize various ligand molecules,such as BTN family proteins(BTN2A1/BTN3A1 and BTNL3/BTNL8)and MHC related proteins.γδT cells recognize these molecules through their TCR and express innate receptors such as NKG2D,Toll like receptors(TLRs),and CD16.γδT cells play an important role in combating infectious and tumor diseases,γδThe immune response of T cells is essentially biased towards type I immunity,which produces strong cytotoxic effects on infected and tumor cells(mainly through granzyme B and perforin)and leads to IFN-γGenerate an increase.Existing research has shown that,γδT cells are positively correlated with a good prognosis of cancer.This further sup⁃ports the introduction of cancer treatmentγδT cell immunotherapy.

关 键 词：ΓΔT 细胞免疫疗法 临床研究 

分 类 号：R392.3[医药卫生—免疫学]