哈贝马斯现代性理论中的新黑格尔主义  

Neo-Hegelianism in Habermas’s Theory of Modernity

作　　者：黄小洲 HUANG Xiao-zhou

机构地区：[1]广西大学马克思主义学院哲学系,南宁530004

出　　处：《求是学刊》2024年第2期17-26,共10页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“黑格尔与现代解释学关系研究”(15XZX012)。

摘　　要：哈贝马斯是后现代主义的批判者,他坚决捍卫现代性的合理性,他的现代性理论深深植根在黑格尔思辨深邃的哲学之中,是一种能够兼容康德哲学的“有包容性的新黑格尔主义”。“重返黑格尔”是对现代性哲学话语正本清源的最好方法,同时也是判断后现代思想正当与否的尺度。主体自由是现代性的第一原理。这是哈贝马斯从黑格尔哲学中找到的坚实基础。哈贝马斯试图区分“第一位现代性哲学家”与“第一位意识到现代性问题的哲学家”,从而把康德与黑格尔调和起来,即让他们在现代性的论题中都位列“第一”。哈贝马斯对黑格尔现代性哲学的新诠释带有以马克思为代表的青年黑格尔派的眼光。通过重返黑格尔现代性话语的语境和康德的理性批判理论,在德国古典哲学理性主义的强大哲学支撑中,哈贝马斯获得了现代性哲学的话语制高点,为他自己构建交往理论打开了一个新维度。Habermas,as a critic of postmodernism,firmly defends the rationality of modernity.His theory of modernity is deeply rooted in Hegel’s deep philosophy,which is a kind of“inclusive neo-Hegelianism”com-patible with Kant’s philosophy.“Returning to Hegel”is the best way to clarify the origin of the philosophical discourse of modernity,and it is also the yardstick for judging the legitimacy or otherwise of postmodern thought.Freedom of the subject is the first principle of modernity.This is the solid foundation that Habermas found in Hegel’s philosophy.Habermas tries to distinguish between“the first philosopher of modernity”and“the first philosopher to realise the problem of modernity”,thus reconciling Kant and Hegel,i.e.,making them both“first”in the thesis of modernity.Habermas’s new interpretation of Hegel’s philosophy of modernity car-ries the vision of the Young Hegelians represented by Marx.By returning to the context of Hegel’s discourse on modernity and Kant’s theory of the critique of reason,Habermas has gained a discursive high ground for the philosophy of modernity,and opened up a new dimension for his own construction of a theory of interaction under the strong philosophical auspices of the rationalism of classical German philosophy.

关 键 词：现代性 主体 交往 新黑格尔主义 

分 类 号：B516.59[哲学宗教—外国哲学]