《哥本哈根》中的量子伦理  

Quantum Ethics in Copenhagen

作　　者：吾文泉 Wu Wenquan(the School of Foreign Languages,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang,China,212100)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2024年第1期75-84,共10页Contemporary Foreign Literature

摘　　要：当代英国戏剧《哥本哈根》以非线性叙事结构和后现代主义舞台演绎手法,重演了两位开创量子力学的著名科学家玻尔和海森堡于1941年在哥本哈根的神秘会晤,蕴含了众多量子叙事和科技理论的元素,是一部新奇的量子伦理剧。研究表明,该剧量子伦理的叙事结构共有三个层次。其一,与原子模型同构的伦理认知:该剧众多戏剧因子如情节、人物、话题和舞美等,如量子“概率云”般弥漫在“有良知的科学家能否研制原子弹”的核心伦理问题周围,共同展示了一幅类似于量子波粒二象性及其叠加态和纠缠态的元伦理认知图景;其二,能级跃迁的伦理能量释放:海森堡哥本哈根之行是一次能级跃迁,如中子撞击原子核一样产生裂变,释放巨大能量,两人之间的试探、交锋、碰撞和裂变,揭示了两位科学家对研制核武器的道德焦虑;其三,“薛定谔的猫”的观测者效应:该剧通过多次复盘对哥本哈根会晤进行多重阐释和自我告白,如叠加态和波函数的坍塌一样,受到监控环境、剧作家和历史学者等不同观测者的影响,形成如量子退相干之后的多元化和量子化的伦理阐释。The contemporary British drama Copenhagen by Michael Frayn uses a non-linear narrative structure and postmodernist stage techniques to re-enact the mysterious meeting in Copenhagen in 1941 between Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg,two famous scientists who pioneered quantum mechanics.It is a novel quantum ethics drama that incorporates many elements of quantum narrative and ethics of science and technology.This paper finds that the play’s quantum ethics has three levels in its narrative structure.The first level is the ethical cognition of the same atomic model structure.Many dramatic factors,such as plot,characterization,topics,and stage design,are like a quantum“probability cloud”surrounding the core ethical issue of“whether a conscientious scientist can develop an atomic bomb,”jointly showing a picture similar to the quantum meta-ethical cognition picture of wave-particle duality and its superposition and entanglement states.The second level is the ethical power release of energy level transition.Heisenberg’s trip to Copenhagen was an energy level transition,which caused fission like a neutron hitting an atomic nucleus,releasing huge energy.The two men’s mutual testing,confrontation,collision,and fission revealed the moral anxiety of the two scientists about developing nuclear weapons.The third level is the observer effect of“Schr.dinger’s cat.”The repeated performances of the Copenhagen meeting formed multiple interpretations and self-confessions which,like the collapse of superpositions and wave functions,are deeply influenced by different observers such as playwrights and historians,reaching a pluralistic and quantumized ethical view.

关 键 词：迈克尔·弗雷恩 《哥本哈根》 量子叙事 科技伦理 

分 类 号：I561.073[文学—其他各国文学]