诉源治理视阈下我国调解机制现状及优化  

Current Situation and Optimization of Mediation Mechanism in China from the Perspective of Source of Litigation Governance

作　　者：李卫国[1] 谌锦华 Li Weiguo;Shen Jinhua

机构地区：[1]贵州大学法学院诉讼法教研室 [2]贵州大学法学院

出　　处：《行政与法》2024年第5期82-92,共11页Administration and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“案外第三人撤销之诉研究”,项目编号:14BFX157;贵州大学人文社会科学项目“我国高校学术纠纷多元化解决机制探究”,项目编号:GDYB202005。

摘　　要：近些年来,我国各级人民法院受理案件的数量一直居高不下,司法审判工作面临严峻的挑战。为了有效缓解法院“案多人少”的矛盾,应当通过发挥调解机制的作用来强化诉源治理,避免大量纠纷涌进法院。我国当前存在司法调解、人民调解、行政调解、律师调解及其他调解等众多调解类型,但调解重叠设置与分工不均衡、调解效力不强、调解专门人才匮乏与调解保障措施不足等问题也是必须正视的事实。针对上述问题,首先,应充分利用调解联动体系、建全调解引导机制、鼓励个人调解机构成立来理顺各类调解间的关系以避免过度重叠与分工不均;其次,需优化调解协议司法确认程序的管辖与审查方式进而增强调解效力、完善调解人才培养机制与建立调解员职业荣誉制度等来突破人才匮乏与保障不足的困境;最后,运用信息科技搭建统一电子调解平台、电子备案制度进一步为调解提质赋能。In recent years,the number of cases accepted by the people’s courts at all levels of our country has been high,and the judicial work is facing severe challenges.In order to effectively alleviate the contradiction of“fewer cases”in the court,we should strengthen the governance of the source of litigation by playing the role of mediation mechanism to avoid a large number of disputes pouring into the court.There are many types of mediation in our country,such as judicial mediation,people’s mediation,administrative mediation,lawyers’mediation and other mediation,but the overlapping setting of mediation and unbalanced division of labor,weak mediation effectiveness,lack of specialized personnel in mediation and insufficient mediation safeguard measures are also facts to be faced.To solve the above problems,first of all,we should make full use of mediation linkage system,establish mediation guidance mechanism,and encourage the establishment of individual mediation institutions to straighten out the relationship between various types of mediation to avoid excessive overlap and uneven division of labor.Secondly,it is necessary to optimize the jurisdiction and review of the judicial confirmation procedure of mediation agreement to enhance the effectiveness of mediation,improve the training mechanism of mediation talents and establish the professional honor system of mediators to break through the dilemma of lack of talents and insufficient security.Finally,the use of information technology to build a unified electronic mediation platform,electronic filing system to further enhance the quality of mediation.

关 键 词：诉源治理 调解机制 纠纷解决 调解保障 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]