班彪《王命论》及其经典化历程  

Ban Biao’s Discussion on Emperors’Orders and Its Classicization Process

作　　者：龙文玲[1] 张莹莹 LONG Wenling;ZHANG Yingying(School of Literature,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学文学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《铜仁学院学报》2024年第2期18-24,41,共8页Journal of Tongren University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“两汉之际社会转型与文学演进研究”(19AZW007)。

摘　　要：《王命论》创作于两汉之际,当时政局剧变、思想混乱。班彪有感于时事多艰、隗嚣企图据陇称雄的现实,作文希望能警醒隗嚣以救时难。文章融史论于政论,从天道、人事两个角度阐释了刘氏获得政权之因,特别强调统治者“顺天应民”的重要性,体现了班彪对历史与现实的深刻洞察力,客观上反映了身处乱世的人民渴望统一和平的集体愿望。该文最早被班固《汉书·叙传》有意收录,随着《文选》等汉魏六朝早期典籍的载录,以及众多文人的化用、模仿、评析,最终成为代表东汉论体最高成就的典范作品。班彪对历史与现实敏锐观察,融史论于政论的高超技巧,析理透彻的论说方式,至今仍有启示意义。The Discussion on Emperors’Orders was written in the Han Dynasty when the political situation changed dramatically and the thoughts of the masses were confused.Feeling that there were many difficulties at that time and Wei Ao attempted to occupy Long(Gansu Province nowadays)and lord it as a district,Ban Biao wrote this article to warm Wei Ao to solve the current the difficulties.The article integrates the theory of history with the theory of politics,explains the reason why Liu’s Family gained political power from the perspectives of the Way of Heaven and the Human Power,and especially emphasizes the importance of the rulers"obeying the Way of Heaven and serving the masses",which embodies Ban Biao's profound insight into history and reality and objectively reflects the collective desire of the masses in troubled times for unity and peace.This article was firstly included in the History of the Han Dynasty·Biography by Ban Gu.As recorded with the selected works and other early books of Six Dynasties of Han and Wei and adapted,imitated and evaluated by lots of scholars,it finally became a model work representing the highest achievement of the Eastern Han Dynasty.Ban Biao's keen observation of history and reality,superb skills of integrating history into political discourse and discussion way of thorough reasoning still have enlightening significance.

关 键 词：班彪 《王命论》 经典化 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]