基于生态服务价值核算的滇池环湖湿地综合效能评估  

Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Wetlands Around Dianchi Lake Based on Ecological Service Value Accounting

作　　者：赵晨羽 赵思劼 姜妮 曾思育[1] ZHAO Chenyu;ZHAO Sijie;JIANG Ni;ZENG Siyu(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第5期1071-1079,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51978374)。

摘　　要：湿地被喻为“地球之肾”,具有水质净化、蓄水调洪、固碳释氧及气候调节等多项生态服务功能,潜藏着巨大的生态服务价值.作为削减滇池入湖污染的重要措施,环湖湿地是滇池水环境治理重要建设工程之一,具有改善滇池水质进而提升水环境价值量等作用.基于EFDC模型识别湿地的削减负荷与滇池水质的响应关系,可得到有、无湿地建设工程条件下滇池水质变化情况,采用Logistic“污染-损失”模型计算滇池水质改善带来的水环境功能价值;进而从湿地本身及滇池两类对象的生态服务价值出发,综合运用市场价值法、影子工程法等手段评估目前正在运行的11块环湖湿地的综合效能.结果表明:①湿地自身总价值量为24981.2×10^(4)元,对滇池价值的提升量为2450.4×10^(4)元.②湿地生态系统服务价值主要体现在气候调节功能,该功能价值量最高的为东大河湿地,达8535.8×10^(4)元,旅游休闲、物质生产也在生态系统服务总价值中占一定比例.③湿地综合效能的评价聚焦于湿地本身和滇池两类对象,其综合效能和单位面积综合效能排名有所差异.参评湿地中,东大河湿地的综合效能最好,新河湿地的单位面积综合效能最高,外海湿地的综合效能总体优于草海.鉴于此,未来可考虑扩大现有湿地规模,优化滇池周边湿地布局,并与其他工程联合削减滇池入湖负荷,从而进一步提升环湖湿地的综合效能.Wetlands are known as the‘kidneys of the Earth’.They have multiple ecological functions such as water purification,water storage and flood control,carbon fixation and oxygen release,and climate regulation.They contain enormous ecological service value.As an important measure to reduce the pollution load of Dianchi Lake,the lakeside wetland is one of the key projects for water environment management in Dianchi Lake.It plays an important role in improving the water quality of Dianchi Lake and enhancing the value of the water environment.Based on the EFDC hydrodynamic water quality model,the response relationship between wetland load reduction and Dianchi Lake water quality can be identified,and the range of water quality changes with and without wetland construction engineering conditions can be calculated.Using the Logistic‘pollution loss’model,the functional values of water environment brought about by water quality improvement are calculated.This study started from the ecological service value of the wetlands themselves and Dianchi Lake,and used various tools such as market value method and shadow engineering method to evaluates the comprehensive efficiency of 11 wetlands currently in operation.The results showed that the total value of the 11 wetlands themselves was 249.812 million RMB,while the total value of Dianchi Lake increased to 24.504 million RMB.Among all the ecological services provided by wetlands,climate regulation functions account for the largest proportion.Dongdahe Wetland ranks the first in this respect with a value of 85.358 million RMB,of which tourism,leisure,and material production account for a certain proportion in the total value as well.The comprehensive efficiency evaluation of wetlands mainly focuses on two types of objects:the wetlands themselves and Dianchi Lake.There are differences in the rankings of overall comprehensive efficiency and comprehensive efficiency per unit area.The comprehensive efficiency of Dongdahe Wetland is the best among 11 wetlands,while the comprehensi

关 键 词：湿地 生态服务功能 效能评估 EFDC模型 滇池 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]