生活垃圾收运环节温室气体排放量核算方法研究  

Accounting Method Research for Greenhouse Gas Emission in the Collection and Transportation of Municipal Solid Waste

作　　者：汪楚乔 史晓凯 李艳萍[2] 张昕 杨天学[2] 龚天成 席北斗[2] WANG Chuqiao;SHI Xiaokai;LI Yanping;ZHANG Xin;YANG Tianxue;GONG Tiancheng;XI Beidou(School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,East China Jiaotong University,Nanchang 330013,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学土木建筑学院,江西南昌330013 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2024年第5期1127-1136,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFC1906000);中国环境科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(No.2022YSKY-15)。

摘　　要：科学合理的碳核算方法是支持碳达峰碳中和的关键,生活垃圾分类下收运环节温室气体排放量的系统性核算方法有待完善.为了科学核算分类下生活垃圾收运环节温室气体排放,该研究依据《IPCC 2006年国家温室气体清单指南2019修订版》及《温室气体协议》,开展了生活垃圾收运环节核算范围的确定、温室气体排放源和排放种类的识别及核算模型构建.结果表明:生活垃圾收运环节核算范围包括投放点、暂存点、中转站以及处置点4个核算单元,排放源包括移动源、固定源和工艺/过程排放,移动源为收运车辆用电隐含排放CO_(2)以及燃料燃烧排放的CO_(2)、CH4和N_(2)O,固定源为中转站用能设施隐含排放的CO_(2),工艺/过程排放为收运车辆尾气净化消耗催化剂产生的CO_(2).同时构建了温室气体排放核算模型,对北京市顺义区生活垃圾收运环节碳排放当量进行核算,结果显示分类后的厨余垃圾和其他垃圾收运环节温室气体排放量存在差异,其中单位厨余垃圾温室气体排放量(以CO_(2)当量计)为24.78 kg/t,单位其他垃圾温室气体排放量为18.77 kg/t.研究显示,生活垃圾装/卸载过程是产生温室气体的主要排放源,其排放量均占比在50%以上.该研究对生活垃圾分类下的收运过程,建立了可拆分、可组合、模块化的核算单元,可为我国各城市生活垃圾收运环节温室气体排放量核算提供理论支撑.Rigorous accounting methodologies are the foundation for achieving milestones of carbon neutrality and peak carbon emissions.However,the literature on quantifying greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions during the collection and transportation phases of municipal solid waste(MSW)needs improvement.This study aims to align the developed accounting model with 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories and the existing Greenhouse Gas Protocol by scientifically determing the accounting scope and classifying the sources of GHG emissions in these specific operational aspects to make up for this shortcoming.The study divided the MSW management process into four distinct operational stages:initial deposition site,temporary storage site,material transfer station and final disposal site.It classified emissions into three primary categories:vehicular(mobile),infrastructure-based(fixed),and process-induced(functional).The mobile sources are the hidden emissions of CO_(2) generated by the electricity consumption of container transportation vehicles,as well as the emissions of CO_(2),CH4,and N_(2)O generated by fuel combustion.Infrastructural emissions mainly include CO_(2) emissions from material transfer hubs.Process-induced emissions relate to the indirect production of CO_(2) through catalytic treatment of exhaust gas purification.At the same time,a GHG emission accounting model was constructed.Model estimation shows that there are differences in GHG emissions between the classified kitchen waste and other waste collection and transportation processes.The GHG emissions of kitchen waste and other waste are 24.78 and 18.77 kg/t,respectively.The study shows that the process of loading/unloading MSW is the main source of GHG emissions,accounting for more than 50%of the emissions.The study divides the classified MSW into detachable,combinable and modular accounting units under different collection and transportation scenarios.This research provides a robust empirical framework for GHG emission accou

关 键 词：生活垃圾 收运 温室气体 核算方法 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]