混合所有制改革助力生态文明建设:企业环境绩效的提升演变  

Mixed ownership reform powered by the construction of ecological civilization:evolution of corporate environmental performance improvement

作　　者：陈林 王佳莹 周立宏 CHEN Lin;WANG Jiaying;ZHOU Lihong(Journal Editorial Department,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510632,China;Institute of Industrial Economics,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510632,China;School of Economics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学学报编辑部,广东广州510632 [2]暨南大学产业经济研究院,广东广州510632 [3]浙江大学经济学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第3期166-176,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“健全中国特色国有资产治理体系研究”(批准号:22JZD007);国家自然科学基金青年项目“共同富裕视域下混合所有制改革对国有企业第三次分配的影响研究”(批准号:72203048),“‘新基建’信息基础设施的成本次可加属性、规模经济经济效应及管理规制研究”(批准号:72303045);广东省自然科学基金面上项目“广东省经济周期波动与环境规制的适宜性选择”(批准号:2022A1515011107);广东省哲学社会科学规划基础理论研究重大课题“广东省碳达峰与碳中和先行示范研究”(批准号:GD21ZDZYJ01);广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划共建课题“南沙自由贸易试验区的制度升级研究”(批准号:2022JDFJ14);广东产业发展与粤港澳台区域合作研究中心中央高校基本业务费资助课题“中国式现代化下超大规模市场优势与我国产业竞争力研究”(批准号:23JNLH01)。

摘　　要：新时代推进生态文明建设需要发挥国有经济的重要作用,混合所有制改革作为党的十八届三中全会以来的重大体制改革战略,对强化企业环境绩效产生了积极的政策效应。该研究通过构建产量竞争博弈模型,收集上市公司的环保投资数据,实证检验了混合所有制改革对企业环境绩效的作用。研究发现:①整体而言,混合所有制改革有利于改善国有企业的环境绩效表现;②混合所有制改革能够发挥民营企业的创新与效率优势,推动国有企业集约化发展与清洁生产技术革新,因此对自身环保意识较为薄弱的国有企业的环境绩效改善作用较为明显;③对于所处地区环境规制强度较低的国有企业而言,混合所有制改革作为环境规制的替代工具,对其环境绩效的改善作用更为显著。据此,该研究认为,混合所有制改革能够提升国有企业环境绩效表现,进而有助于推动生态文明建设,各政府部门在实际中应继续推行混合所有制改革,发挥混合所有制改革在生态文明建设中的独特优势。但在推进过程中仍然要注意分类改革,切忌“一窝蜂”上马。具体而言,对于已承担环境社会责任的国有企业,应保留其环境治理的主体地位;而对于尚未承担环境社会责任的国有企业,可注重尽快推动相关的国有企业改革。该研究不仅为理解国企改革的微观环境绩效提供新的视角和证据,也为进一步推动宏观层面的生态文明建设提供有益的经验证据。The important role of the state-owned economy should be prioritized when promoting the construction of ecological civiliza-tion in China's new era.And the mixed ownership reform as a major institutional reform strategy since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee has had a positive policy effect on strengthening the environmental performance of enterprises.To ad-dress this question,this study empirically tested the impact of mixed ownership reform on the environmental performance of listed state�owned enterprises by constructing a game model of output competition and manually collecting the environmental investment data of listed companies.The research findings were as follows:①Overall,mixed ownership reform was beneficial for improving the environ-mental performance of state-owned enterprises.②Mixed ownership reform could fully leverage the innovation and efficiency advantag-es of private enterprises,thereby promoting the intensive development and innovation of cleaner technologies in state-owned enterpris-es.Consequently,it had a more noticeable effect on improving the environmental performance of state-owned enterprises with weak en-vironmental awareness.③For state-owned enterprises in regions with low levels of environmental regulation,mixed ownership reform significantly improved their environmental performance as an alternative tool to environmental regulation.Based on these findings,this study concludes that mixed ownership reform can enhance the environmental performance of state-owned enterprises,which in turn can help promote the construction of ecological civilization.Local governments should continue to implement mixed ownership reform in practice to harness its role in constructing ecological civilization and adhere to a classification and stratification approach for orderly progress.Specifically,for state-owned enterprises that have assumed environmental and social responsibilities,we should retain their status as the main body of ecological governance.For state-owned en

关 键 词：国有企业改革 混合所有制 环境污染 环境治理 生态文明建设 

分 类 号：F276.1[经济管理—企业管理]