神经科学启示下的共情与道德  

Empathy and Morality from the Perspective of Neuroscience

作　　者：蔡蓁[1] CAI Zhen(Department of Philosophy,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200241)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学哲学系,上海200241

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2024年第5期41-48,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：在共情的跨学科研究日益深入的背景下,对共情的道德作用的讨论受到了来自于神经科学的诸多启发。首先,神经科学的研究揭示出情绪要素和认知要素是如何通过既彼此独立又相互交叉的神经网络,在我们的大脑中产生出对他人的共情反应。进而,神经科学对同时具有道德缺陷和共情缺陷的心理变态者的研究表明,一种动态的、情绪与认知相互作用的共情能力对正常的道德能力来说是必不可少的,这也构成了对以共情为基础的情感主义立场的有益补充。With the development of interdisciplinary research on empathy,discussions of what role empathy plays in morality has been increasingly inspired by neuroscience.First,neuroscience research has revealed how affective components and cognitive components produce empathic reactions through both distinctive and interacted neural pathways.Furthermore,the neuroscientific study of psychopaths,who suffer from both moral deficits and empathy deficits,shows that a dynamic interplay between affective empathy and cognitive empathy is necessary for normal moral capacity.Accordingly these findings can enrich the scope of empathy-based sentimentalism.

关 键 词：共情 道德能力 神经科学 心理变态 

分 类 号：Q189[生物学—神经生物学] B82[生物学—普通生物学]