山苍子油对产气荚膜梭菌感染肉鸡坏死性肠炎的防治作用及机制  

Therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Litseacubebaoil on broiler necrotic enteritis infected by Clostridium perfringens

作　　者：吕冠辰 胡娜 崔民河 朱先鹏 阚庆和 邓旭明 LYU Guanchen;HU Na;CUI Minhe;ZHU Xianpeng;KAN Qinghe;DENG Xuming(College of Veterinary Medicine,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Jilin Mushuo Breeding Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130500,China;Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade of Liuhe County,Tonghua,Jilin 135300,China;Gongzhuling Hefeng Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 136100,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学动物医学学院,吉林长春130062 [2]吉林省牧硕养殖有限公司,吉林长春130500 [3]吉林省柳河县农业综合行政执法大队,吉林通化135300 [4]长春市公主岭禾丰牧业有限责任公司,吉林长春136100

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2024年第4期757-765,852,共10页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U22A20523)。

摘　　要：通过滑动运动试验、透射电镜观察和生物被膜抑制试验等分析山苍子油抑制产气荚膜梭菌Ⅳ型菌毛系统(typeⅣpilus system,TFP)功能的作用;建立产气荚膜梭菌感染肉鸡坏死性肠炎模型,测定各组肉鸡体质量变化、小肠炎性反应、细菌载量和组织病理学变化以探究山苍子油对肉鸡坏死性肠炎的防治作用。结果显示,16mg/L山苍子油不影响细菌生长,但可显著抑制产气荚膜梭菌Ⅳ型菌毛介导的滑动运动和生物被膜形成(P<0.05);与产气荚膜梭菌感染肉鸡相比,山苍子油处理能够有效缓解肉鸡的小肠病变,肠道细菌载量降低1.3个log10(P<0.05),降低肉鸡料肉比(P<0.05),提高饲料转化率;山苍子油通过调控紧密连接蛋白的表达促进产气荚膜梭菌感染肉鸡肠道屏障功能的修复,显著抑制肠道炎性因子水平(P<0.05),进而促进肠道健康。结果表明,山苍子油能够抑制产气荚膜梭菌TFP生物学功能,修复感染肉鸡肠道屏障,发挥抗产气荚膜梭菌感染作用,为肉鸡坏死性肠炎感染防控提供新型策略。Necrotic enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens(C.perfringens)as a sporadic disease brought enormous harms and economic loss to the global poultry industry.The study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of litsea cubeba oil on typeⅣpilus system(TFP)of C.perfringens,and to evaluate its effects on intestinal health and growth performance of broilers infected with C.perfringens.The inhibition effect of Litsea cubeba oil on TFP function of C.perfringens was explored by the gliding motility test,transmission electron microscope(TEM)observation and biofilm formation assay.Additionally,the model of broiler necrotic enteritis induced by C.perfringens was further established and the body weight,intestinal inflammatory indexs,bacterial load and histopathological changes of broilers in each group were determined to evaluate the protective effect of Litsea cubeba oil against C.perfringens induced-necrotic enteritis.The results showed that Litsea cubeba oil at non-inhibitory concentrations(16mg/L)could significantly inhibit TFP-mediated gliding motility and biofilm formation of C.perfringens(P<0.05).Compared with C.perfringens infection group,medium and high doses of Litsea cubeba oil treatment could significantly alleviate the intestinal lesions,decrease intestinal bacterial load by 1.3log10(P<0.05),improve the growth performance of broilers,and decrease the ratio of feed to gain(P<0.05)and improve the feed conversion ratio.Furthermore,Litsea cubeba oil treatment improved the intestinal integrity by regulating the expression of tight junction proteins,and significantly decreased the inflammation in C.perfringens infected-broilers(P<0.05).The current study demonstrated that Litsea cubeba oil treatment could inhibit the biological function of TFP of C.perfringens and play aprotective therapeutic role on the growth performance and intestinal health of broilers challenged with C.perfringens.

关 键 词：产气荚膜梭菌 坏死性肠炎 山苍子油 Ⅳ型菌毛系统 

分 类 号：S852.3[农业科学—基础兽医学] S859[农业科学—兽医学]