精子发生过程中蛋白质翻译后修饰的研究进展  

Research Progress on Protein Post-Translational Modifications during Spermatogenesis

作　　者：霍子安 司徒成昊 郭曰帅 郭雪江[1] HUO Zian;SITU Chenghao;GUO Yueshuai;GUO Xuejiang(State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学生殖医学与子代健康全国重点实验室,南京211166

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2024年第4期561-571,共11页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFC2700200);国家自然科学基金(批准号:82371606、32071133、32300716)资助的课题。

摘　　要：精子发生是一个高度复杂且受到精密调控的生物学过程,其中蛋白质作为生命活动的最终执行者,其翻译后修饰发挥着重要的调控作用。精子发生过程中存在多种蛋白质翻译后修饰,如磷酸化、乙酰化、泛素化等,其异常可引起精子发生障碍,严重的甚至可导致不育。随着蛋白质组学技术的快速发展,基于临床不育样本和模式动物的功能研究,可以系统性解析精子发生过程中蛋白质翻译后修饰的动态调节与功能,揭示精子发生的分子调控机制以及男性不育的发病机理。该文就近年来精子发生过程中蛋白质翻译后修饰调控机制,以及少精子症、弱精子症和畸形精子症等临床疾病中蛋白质翻译后修饰的研究进展进行了综述。Spermatogenesis is a highly complicated biological process with precise regulation.Proteins are the final functional executors of life activities,and protein PTMs(post-translational modifications)exert important regulatory functions.Spermatogenesis involves multiple protein post-translational modifications,such as phos-phorylation,acetylation and ubiquitination,etc.Aberrant protein PTMs can cause disorders of spermatogenesis,or even lead to infertility in severe cases.With the advance of proteomic technologies,using clinical infertile samples and animal models,it is possible to systematically analyze the dynamic regulation and function of protein PTMs during each stage of spermatogenesis and further unveil the molecular mechanisms of spermatogenesis and the pathogenesis of male infertility.This paper provides a review of the recent progress on the studies of protein PTMs in spermatogenesis,and the roles of protein PTMs in clinical diseases,such as oligozoospermia,asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia.

关 键 词：精子发生 蛋白质翻译后修饰 蛋白质组学 男性不育 

分 类 号：R394[医药卫生—医学遗传学]