共同富裕目标下社区主导乡村旅游发展的逻辑与出路——以贵州省黔东南郎德苗寨为例  

Logic and Way out of Community-led Rural Tourism Development under the Goal of Common Prosperity:A Case Study of Langde Miao Ethnic Village in Qiandongnan Prefecture of Guizhou Province

作　　者：张自强 何婕[3] ZHANG Ziqiang;HE Jie(School of Economics,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Marxist Economics Development and Application Research Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Tourism and Culture Industry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学经济学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学马克思主义经济发展与应用研究中心,贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学旅游与文化产业学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2024年第2期125-130,共6页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：贵州省教育厅人文社会科学研究基地项目(GDZX2024021)。

摘　　要：从历史制度主义视角,以贵州省黔东南郎德苗寨为案例,通过深入访谈与田野调查的方法,剖析郎德苗寨旅游参与“工分制”的起源、长存逻辑以及未来变革方向,引申社区主导乡村旅游发展的共富逻辑与出路。结果表明:郎德苗寨的文化逻辑与社会基础形塑了“工分制”,而历史关键节点决定为何选择了“工分制”。保障居民参与权的“工分制”难以规避“偷懒”而被诟病,却在郎德苗寨延存至今,是回报递增强化了“工分制”的制度惯性,且作为社区制度中的一部分,“工分制”又镶嵌在制度网络结构中形成关联依赖,产生体制锁定,两者的共同作用决定了“工分制”得以长存。从人力资本特征看,“工分制”本身是有效率的,只是社区内部群体分化与外部环境变迁加剧了路径偏离,制度变迁更倾向于选择坚持村寨传统价值理念的共同富裕路径。Taking the Langde Miao Ethnic Village in Qiandongnan Prefecture of Guizhou Province as a case,historical institutionalism was applied to evaluate the“workpoint system”of tourism involvement through in-depth interviews and fieldwork.It expanded on the common prosperity logic and outlet of community-led rural tourist development by analyzing the history,rationale over the long term,and future direction of the“workpoint system”reform.The findings demonstrated that the“workpoint system”was shaped by the social logic and cultural foundation of Langde Miao Village,and that the historical key nodes determined the rationale for the system’s selection.Even while the“workpoint system”to safeguard residents’rights to participate was hard to avoid being“lazy”and had drawn criticism,Langde Miao Ethnic Village had continued to use it,and the system’s institutional inertia had been bolstered by the rising return.Besides,the“workpoint system”was integrated into the system network structure as a component of the community system,creating a correlation dependency that leaded to the system lock.The combination of institutional inertia and institutional lock decided that the“workpoint system”survived.The“workpoint system”was effective in terms of human capital characteristics,although path deviation was exacerbated by changes in the external environment and group divergence within the community.Institutional reform is more likely to follow the co-prosperity route that upholds the village’s traditional values.

关 键 词：共同富裕 社区参与 工分制 历史制度主义 郎德苗寨 贵州省 

分 类 号：F590.1[经济管理—旅游管理]