添加不同量促腐熟菌剂对木屑和黄浆水堆肥的影响  

Effects of different amounts of bacterial decomposing promoter on the compost of sawdust and yellow pulp water

作　　者：杨娜 马亚兰 顾欣[1] Eftekhari Ali Reza 李思琦 李雪雪 YANG Na;MA Yalan;GU Xin;Eftekhari Ali Reza;LI Siqi;LI Xuexue(College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第2期117-126,共10页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：宁夏自治区重点研发项目(2018BBF02004,2019BFF02002)。

摘　　要：【目的】以木屑和黄浆水为原料,探讨促腐熟菌剂不同添加量对堆肥进程的影响。【方法】采用好氧发酵罐堆肥试验,设置不加促腐熟菌剂(T_(0))、加促腐熟菌剂质量分数0.1%(T_(1))、0.3%(T_(2))、0.9%(T_(3))共4个处理,以堆肥温度、pH值、种子发芽指数、养分质量分数作为评价指标。采用主成分分析,研究促腐熟菌剂添加量对物料发酵进程和腐熟度的影响,明确最佳添加量。【结果】与T_(0)比较,添加促腐熟菌剂处理提前2 d进入高温期。发酵结束后,各处理的堆肥p H值介于7.46~7.74。添加不同质量分数的促腐熟菌剂可以不同程度地降低堆肥物料的碳、氮损失。与T_(0)相比,T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)氮损失分别降低9.41%、14.12%和4.71%,碳损失分别降低3.06%、7.97%和5.89%,其中T_(2)的氮、碳损失最低,分别为75.26%和7.82%。添加促腐熟菌剂的堆肥腐熟度比T_(0)提高3.64%~9.09%,T_(2)最先达到腐熟。【结论】综上所述,在木屑和黄浆水堆肥中添加质量分数0.3%的促腐熟菌剂,能显著促进物料腐熟,有利于降低氮、碳损失,提高堆肥质量,为木屑和黄浆水的肥料化利用提供了依据。【Objective】Using sawdust and yellow pulp water as fermentation materials,the effects of different dosages of bacterial decomposing promoter were investigated on the process of composting.【Method】The aerobic fermentation tank composting experiment was set up,and four treatments were carried out,namely,no addition of T_(0),the additions of decomposing promoter with mass fraction of 0.1%(T_(1)),0.3%(T_(2)),and 0.9%(T_(3)).The composting temperature,pH,GI,and nutrient mass fraction were used as the indexes of evaluation.The effect of the amount of adding decomposing promoter on fermentation process and maturity was determined by using the principal component analysis,followed by determining the optimum adding amount.【Result】Compared with T_(0),the treatment with decomposing promoter entered the period of high temperature 2 days earlier.After fermentation,the pH values of each treatment were between 7.46 and 7.74.Adding different mass fractions of decomposing promoter could reduce the carbon and nitrogen losses of compost materials to varying degrees.Compared with T_(0),the nitrogen loss of T_(1),T_(2) and T_(3) decreased by 9.41%,14.12%and 4.71%,respectively,and the carbon loss decreased by 3.06%,7.97%and 5.89%,respectively.The nitrogen and carbon loss of T_(2) were the lowest,which were 75.26%and 7.82%,respectively.For all treatments,the maturity of compost increased by 3.64%~9.09%compared with T_(0),among which T_(2) reached the maturity first.【Conclusion】In summary,the addition of decomposing promoter with mass fraction of 0.3%in the compost of sawdust and yellow pulp water could significantly promote the maturity of materials,reduce nitrogen and carbon losses,and improve the quality of compost,laying a basis for the fertilizer utilization of sawdust and yellow pulp water.

关 键 词：木屑 促腐熟菌剂 黄浆水 堆肥发酵 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]