我国城市成年居民早餐食物种类调查  

A Survey on Breakfast Food Types of Urban Adults in China

作　　者：毕小艺 曹秋野 王瑛瑶 吴佳 王芳[1] 张倩 BI Xiao-yi;CAO Qiu-ye;WANG Ying-yao;WU Jia;WANG Fang;ZHANG Qian(Tongzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 101100,China;National Institute of Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Nutrition Society,Beijing 100020,China;Beijing Zhongyinghui Nutrition and Health Research Institute,Beijing 100022,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心,北京101100 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [3]中国营养学会,北京100020 [4]中营惠营养健康研究院,北京100022

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2024年第4期5-10,共6页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：中营惠营养健康研究院“居民早餐知信行研究”。

摘　　要：目的:分析我国城市居民早餐食物食用情况及影响因素,为相关部门及供餐企业指导、改善居民早餐状况提供科学参考。方法:问卷调查早餐食物摄入和人口、社会经济学等相关信息。共纳入31省、自治区、直辖市城市居民10444人。应用SAS 9.4软件进行统计分析,并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析早餐是否营养充足的影响因素。结果:10444名城市成年居民在调查期间早餐食用比例最高的食物是谷薯类(89.4%),其次是肉蛋类(53.9%)、奶豆坚果类(49.3%),最低的是蔬菜水果(42.2%)。分别有26.5%、28.8%、28.2%、16.5%的调查对象早餐的食物种类为1类、2类、3类、4类。不同城市、性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、家庭人均年收入之间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,一线及新一线城市、女性、30岁~、40岁~、50~80岁、家庭人均年收入≥7万元的调查对象早餐营养充足(早餐食物种类达到四类)的可能性更高。结论:我国居民早餐膳食不够均衡,早餐质量还有待提高。需要个人-供餐企业-相关部门等共同努力,达到均衡膳食、合理营养的目标。【Objective】To analyze the breakfast food consumption and influencing factors of urban residents in China to provide scientific reference for relevant departments and meal supply enterprises to guide and improve the breakfast situation of residents.【Method】A questionnaire survey was conducted using questionnaire star to collect information related to breakfast food intake and demographics and socioeconomics of the urban residents.A total of 10444 urban residents in 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government were included.SAS9.4 software was applied for statistical analysis.A multi-factor logistic regression model was also used to analyze the factors influencing whether the breakfast was nutritionally adequate.【Result】The food consumed by the high⁃est proportion of the 10444 urban adult residents for breakfast during the survey period was cereals and potatoes(89.4%),followed by meat and eggs(53.9%),milk,beans and nuts(49.3%),and the lowest was vegetables and fruits(42.2%).The proportions of food groups 1,2,3 and 4 consumed for breakfast were 26.5%,28.8%,28.2%and 16.5%respectively.The differences between different cit⁃ies,gender,age,marital status,education level,and annual per capita household income were statistically significant(all P<0.001).Results of multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that urban residents in first-tier and new first-tier cities,females,30~,40~,50~80,and annual per capita household income≥70000 yuan had adequate breakfast nutrition(breakfast food types up to four categories)were more likely.【Conclusion】The breakfast diet of Chinese residents is not balanced enough,and the quality of breakfast still needs to be improved.It is necessary to work together with individuals,catering enterprises and relevant departments to achieve the goal of balanced diet and reasonable nutrition.

关 键 词：城市居民 早餐食物 饮食模式 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]