河北省某高校大学生早餐情况分析  

Analysis of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breakfast Behavior Among Students in One College in Hebei Province

作　　者：张建芬[1] 张娜[1,2] 何海蓉 刘树芳[3] 马冠生[1,2] ZHANG Jian-fen;ZHANG Na;HE Hai-rong;LIU Shu-fang;MA Guan-sheng(Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene,School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Public Health,Hebei University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京市食品安全毒理学研究与评价重点实验室,北京100191 [3]河北大学公共卫生学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2024年第4期10-14,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“不同水合状态对认知能力的影响”(项目编号:81673146)。

摘　　要：目的:了解河北省某高校大学生早餐行为,为后期健康宣教提供科学依据。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,于2017年3月在河北省保定市某高校抽取调查对象共718名,利用自身设计问卷对大学生早餐行为进行调查。结果:共发放问卷718份,回收问卷715份,问卷有效率为100%。调查对象每天吃早餐、每周3~4次、1~2次和几乎不吃的比例分别为57.3%、25.5%、10.8%、6.4%。不同性别、年级及专业调查对象,每周吃早餐次数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。调查对象早餐营养较足及充足分别为16.9%、2.7%;调查对象在选择食物种类上,前3位分别为谷薯类(70.6%)、豆类(37.2%)、肉蛋禽鱼类(30.8%);蔬菜水果类选择比例较低(8.5%)。不同性别、不同年级调查对象早餐营养质量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同专业之间,医学专业调查对象早餐营养质量高于非医学专业调查对象(P<0.05)。在早餐食物种类选择上,在不同性别之间,女生选择豆类的比例高于男生(P<0.05);不同年级之间,一年级学生选择谷薯类、蔬菜水果类以及奶类比例高于二年级学生(P<0.05),二年级学生在选择肉蛋禽鱼类、豆类比例高于一年级学生(P<0.05);不同专业之间相比,医学专业学生选择肉蛋禽鱼类、蔬菜水果类、豆类及奶类食物比例高于非医学专业学生(P<0.05),非医学专业学生在选择谷薯类食物比例高于医学专业学生(P<0.05)。结论:大学生食用早餐比例较低,且早餐质量较足及充足比例较低,亟需开展营养宣教,提高其对早餐的重视程度。【Objective】To understand the status of breakfast behavior among young adults in a college of Hebei Province,to find out the problem and provide evidence for health education.【Method】A total of 718 subjects were selected from a university in Baoding city of Hebei province in March 2017 by random cluster sampling.The breakfast behavior among college students were investigated by selfdesigned questionnaires.【Result】A total of 718 questionnaires were sent out,715 questionnaires were collected,and the completion rate was 99.6%,the effectiveness rate was 100%.Among the respondents,57.3%,25.5%,10.8%and 6.4%ate breakfast every day,3—4 times a week,1—2 times a week and hardly eat.There were no significant differences in the number of breakfast eaten among the respondents of different gender,grades and majors(P>0.05).16.9%and 2.7%of the respondents had adequate breakfast nutrition;in terms of the types of food selected by the respondents,the top three were cereal and potato(70.6%),beans(37.2%),meat,eggs,poultry and fish(30.8%);and the proportion of vegetables and fruits was low(8.5%).There were no significant differences in breakfast nutritional quality between the subjects of different genders and grades(P>0.05).Among different majors,the breakfast nutrition quality of medical students was higher than that of non-medical students(P<0.05).In the choice of breakfast food types,among different genders,the proportion of girls choosing beans was higher than that of boys(P<0.05).Among different majors,the proportion of first-year students choosing cereal,potato,vegetables,fruits and milk was higher than that of second-year students(P<0.05),and the proportion of secondyear students choosing meat,eggs,poultry,fish and beans was higher than that of first-year students(P<0.05).Compared with different majors,the proportion of medical students choosing meat,eggs,poultry,fish,vegetables,fruits,beans and milk foods was higher than that of non-medical students(P<0.05),and the proportion of non-medical students choosing c

关 键 词：早餐 行为 健康 宣教 

分 类 号：R151.42[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]