基于拓扑优化的井道施工电梯吊笼轻量化设计  

Lightweight design of elevator cage in shaft construction based on topology optimization

作　　者：孙佳 蔡亚洲 吴杰 文轲 金晓龙 SUN Jia;CAI Yazhou;WU Jie;WEN Ke;JIN Xiaolong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang Architecture University,Shenyang 110168;Shenxi Machinery Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuxi 214101)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110168 [2]申锡机械集团有限公司,江苏无锡214101

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第4期89-93,共5页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：住房与城乡建设部科技计划项目(2019-K-080,2019-K-088);河北省重点研发计划项目(19211904D);沈阳市重点创新研发计划项目(Y19-1-004);沈阳市重点科技研究项目(20-202-4-40)。

摘　　要：为了提高井道施工电梯吊笼的力学性能,进一步实现吊笼结构减重的目的,文中采用SolidWorks三维软件对吊笼进行建模,通过拓扑算例对吊笼进行结构拓扑分析,提出一种针对拓扑优化模型的处理方法,将处理后的模型导入到ANSYS中进行静力学分析,计算了4种极限工况下的总变形量和最大应力。经验证,吊笼最大应力远远小于材料的许用应力,保证了系统结构强度的可靠性,并分析了施工电梯包括优化后吊笼在内的整体激振频率,获取了优化后吊笼前6阶固有频率,通过系统激振频率与吊笼固有频率的对比,得到容易发生共振的运行速度。结果表明:优化后的吊笼结构布局更合理,且满足各项力学性能,达到了轻量化的设计要求,并避免了结构发生共振的可能。In this article,in order to improve the elevator cage’s mechanical properties in shaft construction and ensure its weight reduction,the SolidWorks 3D software is used to model the cage;the topological examples are applied to explore the cage’s structure;a method is proposed to deal with the topological optimization model;the treated model is imported into ANSYS for the static analysis;both the total deformation and the maximum stress under four limit conditions are calculated.It is verified that the cage’s maximum stress is far less than the material’s allowable stress,which ensures that the structural strength is reliable.In addition,efforts are made to explore the overall vibration frequency of both the construction elevator and the cage after optimization;then,the optimized cage’s first six-order natural frequency is identified.The system natural frequency is compared with the cage’s vibration frequency;then,the speed prone to resonance is worked out.The results show that after optimization,the cage with a more reasonable structural layout has desirable mechanical properties,meets the design requirement of lightweight,and avoids the possibility of structural resonance.

关 键 词：施工电梯 拓扑优化 轻量化 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TH113[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TB535[理学—物理]