油茶果壳生物基材料研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospects of Biomaterials for Camellia oleifera Shells

作　　者：梁先跃 胡传双 涂登云 云虹 关丽涛 LIANG Xian-yue;HU Chuan-shuang;TU Deng-yun;YUN Hong;GUAN Li-tao(College of Materials and Energy,South China Agricultural University,Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学材料与能源学院,生物基材料与能源教育部重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《林产工业》2024年第5期60-69,共10页China Forest Products Industry

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金项目(2022A1515010502);广东省科技计划项目(2019A050503009);国家自然科学基金项目(22208116)。

摘　　要：油茶作为木本食用油料树种在南方各省被广泛种植,其加工剩余物油茶果壳若未合理有效利用,将对空气、水体等生态造成污染。油茶果壳富含中孔结构,用其制备活性炭,可用于吸附或电池、电极与电容器领域;油茶果壳去除木质素得到的综纤维素,可制备综纤维素膜材料或纳米纤维素膜材料,用于包装、纺织和医疗等领域;油茶果壳富含木质素及茶皂素等天然活性物质,可制备油茶果壳基树脂用作做胶合材料并具有耐恶劣气候及阻燃等特性;油茶果壳经热压工艺制备刨花板,可用于家具及建筑等领域;油茶果壳作为增强相与塑料复合制备木塑复合材料,可用于园林和室内装潢等领域。本文综述了油茶果壳在上述领域的研究进展,并对油茶果壳生物基材料提出了展望。Camellia oleifera,as a woody edible oil tree species,is widely planted in various southern provinces.If the processing residue of Camellia oleifera fruit shell is not effectively utilized,it will cause pollution to the air,water bodies,and ecology.Camellia oleifera fruit shell is rich in mesoporous structure,which can be used to prepare activated carbon for adsorption or in the fields of batteries,electrodes,and capacitors.The comprehensive cellulose obtained by removing lignin from the shell of Camellia oleifera can be used to prepare comprehensive cellulose membrane materials or nano cellulose membrane materials for packaging,textiles and medical fields.Camellia oleifera fruit shell is rich in natural active substances such as lignin and tea saponin,which can be used to prepare Camellia oleifera fruit shell-based resin as a bonding material and has characteristics such as resistance to harsh weather and flame retardancy.Particleboard is prepared from the shell of Camellia oleifera fruit by hot pressing technology,which can be used in fields such as furniture and construction.Camellia oleifera fruit shell,as a reinforcing phase,can be used to composite with plastic to prepare wood plastic composite materials,which can be used in fields such as landscaping and interior decoration.In this article,the research progress in the utilization of Camellia oleifera shell in the above-mentioned fields was reviewed and prospects for the bio-based materials of Camellia oleifera shell was proposed.

关 键 词：油茶果壳 活性炭 生物基膜 生物基树脂 刨花板 木塑复合材料 

分 类 号：TS653[轻工技术与工程] TS396