孟荀“人禽之辨”之异——兼论孟荀崇舜、尊禹之别  

The Distinction between Mencius and Xunzi on the Debate of Humans and Animals——With a Discussion on Their Divergent Views on Venerating Shun and Yu

作　　者：宋立林 杨清扬 SONG Lilin;YANG Qingyang(Confucius Cultural Research Institute,Qufu Normal University,Ji'ning 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学孔子文化研究院,山东济宁273165

出　　处：《枣庄学院学报》2024年第3期56-62,共7页Journal of Zaozhuang University

基　　金：山东省社科规划重大委托项目“世界古典文明比较研究”(项目编号:23AWTJ17)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：人禽之辨自孔子起便已经成为先秦儒家的重要课题,而孟子、荀子对此都进行了深刻的讨论。孟子以德性的内在于人,对人进行标识,对人与禽兽进行区分;荀子则认为人能通过礼义之“分”在三个层面的实践最终实现“义”,完成人与禽兽的区分。而由此异切入,亦可明晰二者何以在推重圣王的过程中产生不同的侧重,二者崇舜、尊禹之异,实反映二者人性论之分野。The Debate between humans and animals has been a significant topic in pre-Qin Confucianism since Confucius,and both Mencius and Xunzi have engaged in profound discussions on this matter.Mencius identifies humans by the inherent virtue within them,distinguishing humans from animals.In contrast,Xunzi posits that humans can achieve"Yi"through the practice of the"partition"of Li and Yi on three levels,thereby completing the differentiation between humans and animals.This divergence also sheds light on why the two philosophers have different emphases when advocating for the sage-kings.The differences in their venerating Shun and Yu actually reflect the divergence in their theories of human nature.

关 键 词：孟子 荀子 人禽之辨 圣王 

分 类 号：B222[哲学宗教—中国哲学]