无规则极限运动的刑事法律风险规制研究  

Research on Criminal Legal Risk Regulation of Irregular Extreme Sports

作　　者：洪斯杰 HONG Si-jie(School of Physical Education,Quanzhou Normal University,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]泉州师范学院体育学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期85-94,共10页Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：无规则极限运动虽然是小众运动项目,但观众众多、收益颇丰、话题火热,伴随着极高的生命安全风险,还会引发安全和自由的底层价值争论。根据目前扩张的刑法教义学理论,自陷风险、自我答责、可容许的风险和社会相当性均不能一般性地正当化无规则极限运动,因此,必须根据主体的不同进行审定。参与者本人以及竞争者、赞助商、直播平台和观众都可能因为不当行为而面临刑事指控的风险。然而,由于个别审查缺乏明确的法律规定和经验表达,无法进行有效的审查。实质上,这是因为极限运动本身涉及的法律体系不够完善。针对其刑事风险规制,当前的刑事立法和刑法理论可以完成风险实现后的问题解决,但并不能完成风险预防的任务,需要结合前置法的法律完善和凝聚行业力量,建立安全共识,两者也能促进司法上刑事认定的精细化,保证刑事法律的安定性。Although irregular extreme sports are played by minority group,they enjoy a large audience,considerable profits,and great attention.Accompanied by extremely high safety risks,they can trigger debates on the underlying values of safety and freedom.Based on the current expanded theory of criminal law doctrine,self entrapment risk,self accountability,permissible risk,and social equivalence cannot generally justify irregular extreme sports.Therefore,approval must be based on different subjects.Participants,competitors,sponsors,live streaming platforms,and viewers,may face the risk of criminal charges due to improper behaviors.However,the lack of clear legal provisions and experiential expressions in individual scrutiny prevent effective scrutiny from being conducted.In essence,this is because the legal system involved in extreme sports still needs to be improved.Regarding the regulation of criminal risks,current criminal legislation and criminal law theory can solve the problems after risk realization,but cannot realize risk prevention.It is necessary to combine the legal improvement of pre-existing laws with gathered industry strengths to establish a security consensus,which can also promote the refinement of criminal identification in criminal law and ensure the stability of criminal law.

关 键 词：无规则极限运动 共同犯罪 前置法 刑事法律风险 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学] G888.6[政治法律—法学]