基于可供性理论与FAHP的家用智能冰箱设计研究  

Research on Smart Refrigerator Design Based on Availability Theory/FAHP

作　　者：苏晨 刘凯铸 夏钰 胡王毅文 许德骅 Su Chen;Liu Kaizhu;Xia Yu;Hu Wangyiwen;Xu Dehua

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学工业设计学院,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《家具与室内装饰》2024年第4期112-118,共7页Furniture & Interior Design

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学重点项目(ZXKY2021155)。

摘　　要：为解决家用智能冰箱功能单一,外形同质化严重,无法满足现今家庭的多元化需求的问题,提出可供性理论与三角模糊层次分析法结合的产品设计方法。首先,采用机会洞察的方式确定产品应用场景,通过用户体验地图对居家使用场景进行分析与描绘,捕捉家用冰箱用户的原始需求。其次,以功能、行为、认知、感官四类可供性要素为设计框架,划分用户需求集合,并将原始用户需求转化为设计要素。再次,利用三角模糊数构建模糊判断矩阵并计算各层元素的综合权重,筛选核心设计要素。最后,以核心设计要素为基础,将其转化为契合用户需求的家用冰箱设计方案。通过场景分析、可供性理论、三角模糊层次分析法(FAHP)的集成运用,可厘清用户需求动线、有效分类层级信息,捕捉设计重点,为同类产品创新设计提供参考。In order to solve the problems of serious homogeneity of functions and shapes of household smart refrigerators and the inability to meet the diversified needs of users,a user demand decision-making and product design method based on scenario analysis and availability theory is proposed.Firstly,the specific application scenarios of the product are determined through opportunity insight,and the user experience map is used to analyze and depict the objective usage scenarios to capture user emotions and pain points to derive the original user needs of household smart refrigerators.Secondly,with the help of functional,behavioral,cognitive,and sensory elements,the original needs of users are transformed into design elements and classified.Then,the fuzzy judgment matrix is constructed by using the triangular fuzzy number,and the comprehensive weight of each layer element is calculated to evaluate the importance of design elements.Finally,according to the top design elements,the smart refrigerator design scheme suitable for home scenarios is the output.The integrated application of scenario analysis,availability theory,and triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy(FAHP)can clarify the flow line of user demand,effectively classify hierarchical information,capture design priorities,and provide reference for innovative design of similar products.

关 键 词：产品设计 家用智能冰箱 场景分析 可供性理论 FAHP 

分 类 号：TS664.1[轻工技术与工程]