壳聚糖和纳米ZnO复合涂膜对冬枣黑斑病抗病性的影响  

Effect of Composite Coating Film of Chitosan and Nanometer ZnO on the Resistance of Black Spot Disease of Winter Jujube

作　　者：杨超 肖楠 冯琦苑 卢子帅 王柯鑫 王姝晴 苗宇彤 张少颖 YANG Chao;XIAO Nan;FENG Qiyuan;LU Zishuai;WANG Kexin;WANG Shuqing;MIAO Yutong;ZHANG Shaoying(College of Food Science,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学食品科学学院,山西太原030000

出　　处：《中国果菜》2024年第5期33-39,共7页China Fruit & Vegetable

基　　金：山西省应用基础研究计划项目(20210302123329,202203021211254)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同粒径的纳米ZnO与壳聚糖(Chitosan,CTS)复合涂膜对采后冬枣黑斑病的抗病作用及机理,分别对新鲜冬枣进行涂膜处理,再接种链格孢菌,测定冬枣的果实品质指标、抗病物质含量、抗氧化能力以及抗病相关酶活性的变化。结果表明,0.2%≤100 nm纳米ZnO复合1%CTS处理组实验效果最佳,可延缓冬枣果实病斑直径的扩展,抑制呼吸强度上升,降低失重率和转红率;抑制总酚、黄酮等抗氧化物质含量的降低,提高冬枣的还原力和DPPH自由基清除能力,而且超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性也得到了提高。因此,纳米ZnO与CTS复合涂膜处理通过诱导抗病相关酶活性,维持果实细胞膜结构的稳定,进而增强冬枣采后抗病性,从而延缓黑斑病的发生。In order to study the anti-disease effect and mechanism of the composite coating film of nano ZnO and chitosan(CTS)with different particle sizes on the black spot disease of post-harvest winter jujube,fresh winter jujube was subjected to coating treatments,and then inoculated with Altrenaria alternata.By determining the changes in fruit quality indexes,content of disease-resistant substances,and activities of disease-resistant related enzymes of winter jujube,we explored the optimal particle size of nano-ZnO for suppressing the black spot disease at the same concentration of CTS.The results showed that the composite coating treatment of nano-ZnO and CTS could delay the expansion of the diameter of the fruit spot of winter jujube,inhibit the rise of respiratory intensity,and reduce the rate of weight loss and spoilage.Moreover,the composite coating treatment of nano-ZnO and CTS could inhibit the decrease of the content of polyphenols,flavonoids and other antioxidant substances,and improve the reducing power and the scavenging ability of DPPH radicals in winter jujube,and it could also increase the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities,of which the 0.2%≤100 nm nano ZnO composite 1%CTS treatment group had the best experimental effect.Therefore,it was believed that the composite coating treatment of nano-ZnO and CTS maintained the stabilization of fruit cell membrane structure by inducing the activities of disease-resistance-related enzymes,which in turn enhanced the disease resistance of jujube after harvesting,thus delaying the occurrence of black spot disease.

关 键 词：冬枣 壳聚糖 纳米ZNO 复合涂膜 抗病性 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]