决议瑕疵诉讼与股东代表诉讼的合并审理路径研究  

A Study on the Joint Trial of Corporate Resolution Defect Litigation and Shareholders’Representative Litigation

作　　者：罗欢平[1] 刘晓钰 Luo Huanping;Liu Xiaoyu

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2024年第2期101-115,共15页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：湖南省教育厅重点项目:代偿取回权制度革新与拓展研究(22A0110)。

摘　　要：当董事通过决议的方式损害公司利益时,股东可以通过决议瑕疵诉讼及股东代表诉讼进行权利的救济。通过案例检索发现,当股东只向法院提起一个诉讼程序时,法院通常以有无明确的决议效力瑕疵认定请求作为划分两诉的依据,若无,则采用股东代表诉讼模式,通过裁判说理部分对决议作出效力认定,但对此不形成有既判力的判决。若有,则采用决议瑕疵诉讼模式,只对决议效力瑕疵进行审理,损害赔偿的请求则告之另诉。但是,法院无论采用何种模式都应当对两诉进行合并审理。其一,两诉属于“基于同一事实产生的纠纷”且满足重复起诉的合并审理基本条件。其二,采用股东代表诉讼模式的法院合并审理既尊重当事人诉权又提高了审判效率;采用决议瑕疵诉讼模式的,法律允许一案中审理两个不同的法律关系,以及确认之诉与给付之诉可以一案审理的审判规律也为合并审理提供了支撑。When the directors harm the interests of the company by way of resolution,the shareholders can remedy their rights through both the corporate defect resolution litigation and the shareholders’representative litigation.The case searching found that when the shareholders appeal to the court,the basis for dividing two lawsuit is whether there is a clear determination of defect of the resolution or not.If there is not resolution defects,then the court will adopt to the shareholders’representative litigation process.The determination is confirmed through the judgement of the court reasoning part,which is without res judicata.If there is resolution defect,then the court will adopt to the corporate defect resolution litigation,and only trial the effectiveness of resolutions defects.The plaintiff’s claim for damages shall be sued separately.However,no matter what litigation the court adopts,the lawsuits should be tried jointly.First,the lawsuit meet the basic conditions of disputes arising from the same fact and repeated litigation.Second,the court’s combined trial by adopting the shareholder representative litigation not only respects the litigants’right of action but also improves the trial efficiency.The court’s combined trial by adopting the corporate defect resolution litigation allows two different legal relations to be tried in one case,and the law that the lawsuit of confirmation and the lawsuit of payment can be tried in one case provides support for the combined trial.

关 键 词：决议瑕疵诉讼 股东代表诉讼 审理模式 裁判路径 合并审理 

分 类 号：D915.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]