论刑事情状证据  

On Circumstantial Evidence in Criminal Law

作　　者：温家珠 Wen Jiazhu

机构地区：[1]南京大学法学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《湖湘法学评论》2024年第2期116-128,共13页HUXIANG LAW REVIEW

基　　金：山西省人民检察院检察理论研究课题:暂予监外执行数字检察问题研究(SX2023B23)。

摘　　要：在庭审中观察法庭参与主体的非言语行为获得的线索称之为情状证据,从神明裁判至“五听断狱讼”再到如今的庭审实践,这一线索均发挥着独特的辅助作用。现代司法证据制度追求理性主义,偏向于可被语言文字化的、客观且具体的证据,使得情状证据在“潜在规则”层面适用,因而形成了一种“可意会而不可言传”的事实形态。这种默读式审判违背了人类的认知规律,且与我国传统制度相悖。因此,有必要对情状证据的产生、识别和认知进行科学分析,并探究其实践样态的变迁,从而明确现实可行的司法进路,由此重建一种融合了心智、言语和肢体活动的整体认知模式,发挥情状证据对促进发现案件真实的加权作用。The clues obtained by observing non-verbal behaviors in the courtroom are called demeanor evidence,which has played a unique supporting role in courtroom practices from the divine judgment to the“five hearings to judge the lawsuits”nowadays.The modern judicial evidence system pursues rationalism,and favors the evidence that can be verbalized,objective and concrete evidence,so that the demeanor evidence in the“potential rules”level of application,forming a“can be understood but can not be said”of the factual form.This kind of silent trial against the laws of human cognition,and contrary to the traditional system.It is necessary to scientifically analyze the generation,identification and cognition of demeanor evidence and explore the changes in its practice patterns,so as to identify realistic and feasible judicial paths,thereby reconstructing a holistic cognitive model that integrates mental,verbal and physical activities,and giving a full play to the weighted role of demeanor evidence in facilitating the discovery of the truth of the case.

关 键 词：情状证据 认知语境 五听断狱讼 庭审实质化 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]