生态保护修复对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率的影响——以重庆市为例  

Impacts of ecological conservation and restoration on the rate of carbonate karst erosion:a case study of Chongqing

作　　者：郭娜 吕玉香 曾玉 张锋 GUO Na;LÜYuxiang;ZENG Yu;ZHANG Feng(Hydrogeology&Engineering Team 208,Chongqing Bureau of Geological Exploration(Chongqing Reconnaissance and Design Academy of Geological Disasters Prevention and Treatment Engineering),Chongqing 400700,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Paleontology and Paleoenvironment Co-evolution(Sichuan-Chongqing Joint Construction),Chongqing 400700,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局208水文地质工程地质队(重庆市地质灾害防治工程勘查设计院),重庆400700 [2]川渝共建古生物与古环境协同演化重庆市重点实验室,重庆400700

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第9期3948-3957,共10页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：重庆市地质矿产勘查开发局2022年度科研项目资助(DKJ-2022-208-B-001);重庆市科学技术局自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0068);重庆市规划和自然资源局科研项目(KJ-2022010)。

摘　　要：岩溶区矿山生态修复、石漠化治理等生态保护修复工程,不仅改善了区内生态环境,而且有利于促进土壤、岩溶固碳增汇,对实现“双碳”目标具有重要意义。以重庆主城北碚矿山生态修复、渝东北巫山石漠化治理区等为例,通过野外标准溶蚀试片实验法和土壤取样测试分析法,研究不同生态保护修复措施下土壤碳库、碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率等变化特征,探讨不同生态修复方式对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率的影响。结果表明:灰岩矿山修复区、石漠化治理区,土壤无机碳(SIC)含量较高,约为土壤有机碳(SOC)的4.5倍,且对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率有一定的抑制作用;修复时间越长,土壤有机碳(SOC)含量越高,但SOC含量与碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率的相关性不显著;从夏季(监测期7、8月遭受极端高温干旱)至秋、冬、春季,土下及地表试片溶蚀速率明显增大;不同生态保护修复方式或植被恢复类型,碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率明显不同,北碚矿山修复区月桂林>草灌从(橘树)>草灌从(桃树)>花椒树>李子树,巫山生态修复区石漠化治理林地>封山育林林地>石漠化治理果园。Ecological restoration projects such as mine reclamation,desertification control,and close hillsides for afforestation,not only improve the ecological environment within the region,enhance the stability of ecosystems and carbon sequestration capacity,but also promote soil and karst carbon sequestration.However,previous studies have mainly focused on the study of soil physicochemical properties and karst carbon sequestration characteristics under different land use patterns,while there is limited research on soil carbon pools and karst carbon sequestration characteristics under different restoration measures and vegetation cover.This article takes examples from the ecological restoration of mines in Beibei,Chongqing and the desertification control area in Wushan to investigate changes in soil carbon pools and limestone dissolution rates under different land use patterns through monitoring using standard dissolution test specimens and soil sampling analysis.The study aims to explore the impacts of different ecological restoration measures on limestone dissolution rates.To avoid the influence of different limestone dissolution differences,circular standard dissolution test specimens made of pure limestone from the Devonian Rongxian Formation series in Guilin,Guangxi,were used uniformly in the experiments.By the end of June 2022,the specimens were buried in layers according to the thickness of the soil layers.When the soil layer thickness was≥50 cm,four layers of standard dissolution test specimens were placed:100 or 150 cm above the ground,0—2 cm below the surface,20 cm underground,and 50 cm underground.When the soil layer thickness was less than 50 cm,three layers of standard dissolution test specimens were placed.The monitoring points in Beibei were retrieved in three batches on November 7,2022,February 9,2023,and April 7,2023,respectively,while the monitoring points in Wushan were retrieved in two batches on December 29,2022,and April 4,2023.The monitoring results showed that the content of Soil inorganic car

关 键 词：岩溶区 生态修复 土壤碳库 溶蚀速率 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]