晚明颍州的军籍士绅与地方社会——兼论卫所的“民化”  

Research on the Military Gentry and Local Society in Yingzhou during the Late Ming Dynasty

作　　者：郑宁 ZHENG Ning(College of Humanities,Shaihai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《安徽史学》2024年第3期134-142,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：上海市晨光人才计划(21CGA53)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在晚明颍州士绅社会的形成过程中,构成士绅核心的科举精英主要来自颍州卫军户,地方豪族也以军户家族为主。军籍士子的科举成就得益于卫所体制的支持,获得功名的军籍士绅与世袭武官紧密联系,维护卫所与军户的利益,形成了有利于军户的正向循环。在“民化”的过程中,卫所通过培育和支持军籍士绅,既推动了士绅社会的建构,也增强了军户的势力。凭借社会优势地位,军籍士绅成为颍州基层社会的主导力量,主动引领地方社会的塑造,将卫所的特质深刻融入地方。颍州的案例提示,明代卫所的“民化”存在地域差异,军户融入地方的路径并不单一。在社会环境、政策制度、教育资源等因素的作用下,卫所的“民化”不只是被动融入,也可能成为改造地方社会的重要契机。In the late Ming Dynasty,the social elite and powerful families in Yingzhou were mainly came from the military households.Weisuo provided assistance for military students to take the imperial examinations,and the military gentries who received their degrees helped military households gain profits.With the support of the military gentry,although the function of the Weisuo was weakened,but its social influence was enhanced.Due to the active performance and leadership of military gentry,military households dominated the shaping of local society.This study suggests that there were regional differences in the process of localization of Weisuo in the Ming Dynasty,and the paths of integrating military households into civilian households should be diverse.Under the influence of various factors,the process of localization of Weisuo may not only be passive change,but may also be active shaping.

关 键 词：颍州 士绅 卫所 军户 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]