基于GIS软件的县域国土空间生态修复分区研究——以贵州省松桃县为例  

Research on County Territorial Spatial Ecological Restoration Zoning Based on GIS Software--A Case Study of Songtao County in Guizhou Province

作　　者：韩朗 侯敬丽[1,2] 叶艳霞 张磊 明新山[1] 何动林 HAN Lang;HOU Jingli;YE Yanxia;ZHANG Lei;MING Xinshan;HE Donglin(Institute of Surveying and Mapping,Guizhou Geology and Mineral Exploration Bureau,Guiyang 550018,China;Guizhou New Research and Development Institution,Guiyang 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局测绘院,贵阳550018 [2]贵州省新型研发机构,贵阳550018

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2024年第5期31-39,共9页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：贵州省科学技术厅项目“基于时空大数据的国土空间生态修复监测评估体系研究与应用”(黔科合支撑〔2022〕一般199);贵州省地矿局项目“基于3S的山水工程生态环境动态监测与评估体系研究——以贵州乌蒙山三岔河流域为例”(黔地矿科合〔2020〕27号);贵州省地矿局测绘院项目“山水林田湖草生态保护修复关键技术体系研究与应用——以纳雍县鬃岭集中采矿区项目为例”(黔地矿测科合〔2020〕01号)。

摘　　要：国土空间生态修复是提升国土空间开发效率和质量、优化国土空间的重要手段。文章使用GIS软件的空间分析工具,以贵州省松桃县自然地理条件、生态功能空间分异、主要生态问题等作为基础研究依据,选取形成三级11项生态修复分区指标,用以探讨松桃县的国土空间生态修复分区。在把握县域总体格局、保证地域完整性的条件下划分一级生态修复分区,并依据区域主导生态功能划分二级生态修复分区,最后结合主要生态敏感问题及人为干扰特征识别生态修复重点区域划定三级生态修复分区。据此将松桃县划分为5类一级、4类二级和4类三级修复分区,有效厘清县域存在的生态敏感问题和生态退化问题,并在此基础上提出以“整体布局—分区治理”为主线,以水土流水、流域治理、水土保持、石漠化、矿山生态修复等类型为抓手的保护修复措施。Territorial spatial ecological restoration is an important means to improve the efficiency and quality of territorial spatial development and optimize land space.The paper uses the spatial analysis tool of GIS software,takes the natural geographical conditions,spatial differentiation of eco-functions,and main ecological issues of Songtao county in Guizhou province as the basic research reference,selects and forms three levels of eleven ecological restoration zoning indicators to discuss the territorial spatial ecological restoration zoning of Songtao county.Under the condition of understanding the overall pattern of the county and ensuring regional integrity,the first-level ecological restoration zones were divided.The second-level ecological restoration zones were divided according to the regional dominant eco-functions.Finally,according to the main ecologically sensitive issues and human disturbance characteristics,the key areas of ecological restoration were identified and the third-level ecological restoration zones were delimited.Accordingly,Songtao county is divided into restoration zones including five types of first-level,four types of second-level,and four types of third-level,which effectively clarifies the eco-sensitive and eco-degradation issues existing in the county.On these bases,the protection and restoration measures are proposed with"overall layout-zoning management"as the main principle,and various topics as the starting point,including soil and water flow,watershed management,soil and water conservation,rocky desertification,mine ecological restoration,etc.

关 键 词：GIS 国土空间 生态修复分区 松桃县 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F205[经济管理—国民经济] F062.1