论“数字弱势群体”权利保障的国家义务  

State Obligations to Guarantee the Rights of“Digitally Vulnerable Groups”

作　　者：宋保振[1] SONG Bao-zhen(Shandong University,Research Center of Xi Jingping Thought on the Rule of Law,Qingdao Shangdong 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学习近平法治思想研究中心/法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期112-124,共13页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“‘数字弱势群体’权益法律保障的理论基础与实践路径研究”(项目编号:22CFX040);山东大学人文社会科学创新团队资助项目“全面依法治国战略实施中的数据运用与数据治理创新团队”;山东大学中华民族现代文明建设研究计划资助;山东大学智慧国家治理实验室的阶段性成果

摘　　要：全面数字化时代,如何充分保障“数字弱势群体”权利,是实现数字正义的重要内容。当下主流研究虽明确了通过法学范式保障“数字弱势群体”权利的正当性,但所采取的“权利进路”也因可操作性不足,制约了法律保障实效。我们需要结合国家保障民生的理论与实践,从国家在消除数字贫困、弥合数字鸿沟中的实际行动出发,完善“数字弱势群体”权利保障的国家义务。从理据来看,“数字弱势群体”权利保障的国家义务以其所享有的社会权为基础,目的在于通过国家义务设置,维护公民的多项社会权利。从内容来看,“数字弱势群体”权利保障的国家义务包括尊重、保护和给付三方面,且三方面又包含各自的具体要求。从实现来看,“数字弱势群体”权利保障的国家义务需要直面公民社会权的“非可诉性”难题,我们可以从扩大行政诉讼受案范围和进行公益诉讼两方面,展开国家义务履行不能时的法律救济。In the era of extensive digitalization,how to fully protect the rights of“digitally vulnerable groups”is an important part of realizing digital justice.Although the current mainstream research has clarified the legitimacy of protecting the rights of“digitally vulnerable groups”through legal paradigm,the“right approach”adopted also limits the effectiveness of legal protection due to insufficient operability.We need to combine the causes of this issue,starting from the actual role of the state in eliminating digital poverty and bridging the digital divide,and improve the state’s obligation to protect the rights of“digitally vulnerable groups”.From the perspective of rationality,the state obligation to protect the rights of“digitally vulnerable groups”is based on the social rights they enjoy,and the purpose is to protect a set of social rights of citizens through the establishment of state obligations.From the perspective of content,the state’s obligation to protect the rights of“digitally vulnerable groups”includes respect,protection,and payment,which correspond to the functions of civil society’s right of defense,objective value order,and profit right,respectively.From the perspective of realization,the state’s obligation to protect the rights of“digital vulnerable groups”must face the problem of“non-justiciability”of civil society rights.We can expand the scope of administrative litigation and public interest litigation,in order to carry out legal redress for failure to fulfill obligations.

关 键 词：“数字弱势群体” 数字人权 社会权利 国家义务 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]