历史迭转中“同治中兴”诗歌的众声与别调  

On the Chorus and Dissonance of Tung Chin Restoration Poetry in Historical Development

作　　者：孙启华[1] SUN Qi-hua(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学文学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期163-172,共10页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“清代诗史典型事件的文献考辑与研究”(项目编号:18ZDA255)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：咸同时期,内忧外患的社会变局迫使士人乱极思治、危世图存。以治世为理想的士人援引历代治乱之道,属望中兴。诗人的中兴书写,以同治改元与同治三四年间江南克复两度达到高潮,被赋予了强烈的政治寓意:前一节点的中兴书写重在激励,以稳民心;后一节点重在歌咏,以庆中兴。在书写中兴之局时,亦有诗人创作了一些针砭现实之作,这构成了中兴诗歌写作中的别调。这些别调之音在咸同、光绪的迭代中呈现出不同的内容倾向,前一时期侧重于中兴之局的名不副实,而后一时期倾向于通过回忆中兴之局针砭现实。诗人对同治中兴的书写,不管是众声还是别调,都是现实境况的一体两面,既展现了诗人于变局下的盛世夙愿,亦体现了他们藉作品讽谕现实的济世情怀。During the period of Xian Feng and Tung Chin,the social changes of internal and external difficulties forced scholars to be extremely anxious about governance and to seek survival in the world.Scholars who aspire to a prosperous world make full use of the principles of historical turmoil and hope for revival.The poet’s Restoration writing,which reached its peak twice during the Tung Chin Reform and the Jiangnan Restoration in the third and fourth years of Tung Chin’s reign,was imbued with strong political implications:the first period of Restoration poetry writing focused on inspiring and stabilizing the hearts of the people;the second focused on eulogizing the revival of the Qing Dynasty.When writing about the situation of the Tung Chin Restoration,some poets also created works that pointed to reality,which formed a unique dissonance in the writing of Restoration poetry.These different tones showed different tendencies in the content during the Xiantong and Guangxu periods.In the first period,the focus was on the situation of the Restoration,which was not true to its name,while in the second period,it tended to criticize reality by recalling the situation of the Restoration.The poet’s writings on the rise of the Tung Chin era,whether in the form of chorus or dissonance,both show opposite aspects of the same reality.They not only demonstrate the poet’s long-standing aspirations for a prosperous era under the changing circumstances,but also reflect their spirit of using literary works to satirize reality and do good to the world.

关 键 词：中兴 咸同时期 太平天国 别调 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]