质形相融双翼共振:孔子“尽善尽美”之艺术观  

Harmony of Quality and Form,Resonance of Two Wings:Confucius’s Artistic View of“To Be Perfect in Attaining Beauty and Goodness”

作　　者：梁晓萍 王林婷 LIANG Xiaoping;WANG Linting(College of Music,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学音乐学院,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中北大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期16-22,F0002,共8页Journal of North University of China：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学一般项目:当代中国数字伦理问题研究(23BA025);国家社科基金艺术学重大项目:中华传统艺术的当代传承研究(2019ZD01)。

摘　　要：“尽善尽美”是孔子对“美”“善”关系的深刻体认,也是其艺术伦理思想的经典表达,体现着辩证哲学的理性智慧。“美”与“善”字源相连,演变殊异。春秋中叶后,“美”的审美意义逐渐消解,转而向伦理之“善”靠拢。孔子将“美”与“善”区分开来,使审美活动具有了“善”的伦理指向,这一思想在儒家文化中得到有效传承和深度阐发,并成为中国古代艺术理论思想的有机组成。鸾歌凤舞的《韶》乐是“尽善尽美”的典范之作,其在艺术形式与内容上均实现了“美”与“善”的有机融合,成为后世艺术伦理研究的重要文本。孔子美善统一的艺术理论思想受到后世学界的广泛认可,其道德与审美相结合的观点,不仅反映了其对于艺术学的深刻洞察,也为美学和伦理学提供了重要的理论基础,在当代社会依然具有积极的理论价值和阐释功能。In Confucian ethical philosophy,there is a discourse on the relationship between“beauty”and“goodness”,encapsulated in the maxim,“to fully embody beauty is also to fully embody goodness”,which signifies a profound integration of ethical connotation with aesthetic value.In the early Spring and Autumn period,“beauty”and“goodness”originated and evolved differently,eventually diverging from syn‐onyms to denote distinct connotations of sensory pleasure and moral spirit,respectively.Confucius distin‐guished“beauty”from“goodness”,endowing aesthetic activities with an ethical orientation of“goodness”,a concept that was highly advocated in Confucian culture and became central to ancient Chinese art theory.The music of“Shao”is a model work of“perfection”,which achieves an organic fusion of“beauty”and“goodness”in both artistic form and content,and has become an important text for future artistic ethics research.Confucius’s artistic theory of the unity of beauty and goodness has been widely recognized by the academic community in later generations.His viewpoint combining morality and aesthetics not only reflects his profound insight into art but also provides an important theoretical basis for aesthetics and ethics,which still has positive theoretical value and explanatory function in contemporary society.

关 键 词：孔子 尽善尽美 《韶》乐 艺术伦理 

分 类 号：J0[艺术—艺术理论]