蜜蜂线粒体基因组多态性应用研究进展  

Progress in research on mitochondrial genome of honey bees and their polymorphisms

作　　者：何金明 徐凯 杜亚丽 蒋海宾 牛庆生[1] 王志[1] 刘玉玲[1] HE Jin-Ming;XU Kai;DU Ya-Li;JIANG Hai-Bin;NIU Qing-Sheng;WANG Zhi;LIU Yu-Ling(Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province,Jinlin 132108,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省养蜂科学研究所,吉林132108

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2024年第2期341-353,共13页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20230101195JC);国家自然科学基金(32302813);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-44-KXJ3)。

摘　　要：线粒体基因组(Mitochondrial genome)能够自我复制且遵循严格的母系遗传,是哺乳动物、昆虫等物种进化生物学、保护遗传学研究的重要分子标记之一。利用线粒体DNA作为遗传标记有助于探究蜜蜂群体遗传多样性、母系起源及不同种群间的系统发育关系,相关研究主要集中于COI、COII、tRNA^(Leu)-COII、Cytb等单个线粒体基因序列片段,线粒体基因组全序列的应用较少。蜜蜂属现有9个种的线粒体基因组全序列测序工作均已完成,为蜜蜂遗传学研究提供了基础数据。本文综述了线粒体基因组在蜜蜂中的研究进展,阐述蜜蜂线粒体基因组结构特征及其在蜜蜂遗传多样性、起源进化、分类鉴定等研究的应用进展,同时分析蜜蜂线粒体基因组的应用意义并展望其未来发展方向,以期为我国蜜蜂遗传资源保护与利用提供信息参考。The mitochondrial genome or mitogenome is a self-replicating maternally inherited molecular markers which has been used to study the evolutionary biology and conservation genetics of mammals,insects,and other species.To further explore the genetic diversity,maternal origin,and phylogenetic relationship between different honey bee populations,the use of mitochondrial DNA as a genetic marker has been beneficial.However,the majority of research has focused on the analysis of mitochondrial gene sequence fragments such as COI,COII,tRNA^(Leu)-COII,and Cytb.The mitochondrial genomes of nine species of bees have been sequenced,providing a data set for the study of bee genetics.In this paper,we review the research progress of bee mitochondrial genomes,discuss their structural characteristics,and summarize the application of mitochondrial genome in the research of bee genetic diversity,origin evolution,and taxonomic identification,We also analyze the significance of bee mitochondrial genome and its potential future development,with the aim of providing effective informations for the conservation and effective utilization of bee genetic resources in China.

关 键 词：蜜蜂 线粒体基因组 遗传多样性 起源进化 分类 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]