单元并排式阻性消声器消声量计算方法  

Calculation Method of Transmission Loss of Dissipative Silencers with Arrayed Elements

作　　者：吴健 蒋浩杰 白晓春 耿明昕 方迪可 翟国庆[2] WU Jian;JIANG Haojie;BAI Xiaochun;GENG Mingxin;FANG Dike;DI Guoqing(State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Research Institute,Xi′an 710100,China;College of Environmental and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang Huanneng Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,西安710100 [2]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058 [3]浙江环能环境技术有限公司,杭州310012

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2024年第3期282-288,共7页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家电网陕西省电力有限公司科技资助项目(5226KY20001J)。

摘　　要：采用Belov公式计算单元并排式阻性消声器消声量误差较大,为提高计算精度,按以下步骤构建单元并排式消声器消声量计算模型。(1)将消声器划分为角单元、边单元和内部单元等3种基本单元,采用Belov公式计算各基本单元传递损失(Transmission Loss,TL);(2)假设消声器入口端声能均匀分布,根据各基本单元入口端声功率和传递损失计算公式确定其出口端声功率;(3)根据消声器入口端和出口端总声功率得到消声量理论值TLt;(4)将11425 Pa·s/m^(2)作为流阻率基准值,通过有限元仿真得到采用该流阻率多孔吸声材料的消声器消声量仿真值TLs,得到仿真值和理论值的比值K_(1)(即TLs/TLt);(5)通过仿真进一步确定多孔吸声材料流阻率和基准流阻率不同情况下消声器消声量的比值K_(2),拟合获得K_(2)与流阻率σ的关系函数K_(2)(σ);(6)建立单元并排式阻性消声器消声量计算模型TL=TLt·K_(1)·K_(2)(σ)。实测结果表明,根据该模型计算得到的消声器各倍频带传递损失值与实测值绝对误差均小于2 d B,相对误差均小于10%。模型适用于计算采用不同多孔吸声材料、具有不同结构尺寸的单元并排式阻性消声器的消声量。Using Belov formula to calculate the transmission loss of dissipative silencers with arrayed elements has large errors.To improve the accuracy of the calculation,the calculation model of the transmission loss(TL)for the arrayed elements silencer is developed following these steps:(1)Dividing the silencer into corner,edge and interior units.The TL of each basic unit is calculated by Belov formula.(2)Assuming that the sound energy is uniformly distributed in the inlet of the silencer,the sound power at the outlet of each basic unit is determined according to the sound power at the inlet and the TL of each basic unit.(3)The theoretical value of transmission loss TLt is obtained based on the total sound power at the inlet and outlet of the arrayed elements silencer.(4)With 11425 Pa∙s/m^(2)as the reference value of flow resistance,the simulated value of transmission loss of the silencer with porous sound absorbing material,TLs,is obtained by the finite element method.The ratio of simulated TL to theoretical TL,K_(1)=TLs/TLt is obtained.(5)The ratio between the TLs of silencers using porous sound absorbing material with different flow resistances and that with a reference flow resistance,K_(2),is determined by simulation.The fitting function K_(2)(σ)of K_(2) vs.the flow resistanceσis obtained.(6)The calculation model of the TL,TL=TLt∙K_(1)∙K_(2)(σ),for the arrayed elements dissipative silencer is established.The measurement results show that the absolute error between the TLs calculated by this model and measured value is less than 2 dB,and the relative error is less than 10%at each 1/1 octave band.The calculation model is suitable for calculating the TL of arrayed elements dissipative silencers which have different structures and sizes and use sound absorbing materials with different flow resistances.

关 键 词：声学 单元并排式 阻性消声器 消声量 计算模型 Belov公式 

分 类 号：TB535.2[理学—物理] O422.4[理学—声学]