水体pH对福寿螺和中国圆田螺存活及器官结构的影响  

The effect of water pH on the survival and organ injury of Pomacea canaliculata and Cipangopaludina chinensis

作　　者：张春霞[1] 陈映僮 姚富成 陈琪 章家恩[1,2] ZHANG Chunxia;CHEN Yingtong;YAO Fucheng;CHEN Qi;ZHANG Jiaen(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-circular Agriculture/Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Centre of Modern Eco-agriculture and Circular Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广东省生态循环农业重点实验室/广东省现代生态农业与循环农业工程技术研究中心/农业农村部华南热带农业环境重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2024年第3期12-20,共9页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870525)。

摘　　要：近年来,福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata)同本地螺类竞争力的研究主要集中在温度、干旱和饥饿等因素。为探究酸碱胁迫下福寿螺与华南地区常见淡水螺中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinesis)的响应特征,本研究以五种不同的水体pH作为梯度,对福寿螺和中国圆田螺进行处理,以研究其存活情况,并利用扫描电镜观察两种螺类肝脏和头部的表面结构变化。结果显示:两种螺在酸碱胁迫下都会出现一定程度的死亡,福寿螺在水体pH值4.5、6.5、8.5、10.5的存活率均高于中国圆田螺,对酸碱适应范围更广,但pH 2.5处理下中国圆田螺存活率更高。同时,扫描电镜结果显示,酸碱胁迫下两种螺头足部和肝脏存在明显的外表破损,但中国圆田螺肝脏和头足部损伤更为严重。结果表明,福寿螺比本地中国圆田螺具有更强的酸碱耐受性和适应性。In recent years,researches on the competitive ability of Pomacea canaliculata compared with native snail species have primarily focused on factors such as temperature,drought,and starvation.To investigate the response characteristics of P.canaliculata and a common freshwater snail Cipangopaludina chinensis under acid-base stress of water environment in southern China.This study treated P.canaliculata and C.chinensis with different wa-ter pH levels as stress gradients to investigate their survival performance and observe the surface structural chan-ges in the livers and heads of the two snail species using a scanning electron microscopy method.The results showed that both species of snails suffered a certain degree of mortality under the acid and alkaline water stress.The survival rate of P.canaliculata was higher than that of C.chinensis at pH 4.5,6.5,8.5,and 10.5,and it had a wider range of acid-base adaptation,but the survival rate of C.chinensis was higher at water pH 2.5 treatment.Meanwhile,the scanning electron microscopy results showed that there were obvious exterior breaks and damages in the head and livers of both species of snails under the acid and alkaline water stress.Damage to the liver and cephalopods of the C.chinensis was more severe.This study indicates that P.canaliculata snails are more acid and alkali tolerant and adaptable than the native snail species,which is one of the important mechanisms for their greater invasiveness.

关 键 词：福寿螺(Pomacea canaliculata) 中国圆田螺(Cipangopaludina chinesis) PH 肝脏 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]