基于无人机数字近景摄影测量的服役边坡监测方法  

Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Digital Close-range Photogrammetry in Service Slope Deformation Monitoring

作　　者：王宏祥 查旭东[3] 肖益民 WANG Hongxiang;ZHA Xudong;XIAO Yimin(Hunan Communications Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Changsha,Hunan 410015,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Traffic Construction Engineering,Changsha,Hunan 410015,China;School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha,Hunan 410114,China;Maintenance Management Department,Anhui Transportation Holding Group Co.,Ltd.,Hefei,Anhui 230088,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司,湖南长沙410015 [2]交通建设工程湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410015 [3]长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [4]安徽省交通控股集团有限公司养护管理部,安徽合肥230088

出　　处：《公路工程》2024年第2期76-83,共8页Highway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878077);安徽省交通运输科技进步计划项目(201839)。

摘　　要：针对现有边坡变形监测技术自动化与智能化程度低及安设复杂且对边坡有损坏等问题,提出一种基于无人机数字近景摄影测量的服役边坡坡表变形监测方法。根据数字近景摄影测量的相关理论,确定了数码相机内参数标定和监测点坐标解算方法,研制出一种可布设在服役边坡坡表的数字近景摄影测量和全站仪测量通用的变形监测目标物,实现对边坡的联合监测。研究结果表明,数字近景摄影测量技术配合专门设计的变形监测目标物对边坡坡表变形较为敏感,第一期和第二期的监测点位中误差分别为3.3 mm和1.7 mm,水平位移监测的点位和垂直位移监测的高程中误差分别为3.5 mm和1.6 mm,达到毫米级的监测精度,满足滑坡监测标准的精度要求;同时变形监测目标物制作可靠、成本低廉,具有较高的应用价值。Aiming at the problems of low automation and intelligence,complex installation,damage to slope and others for the existing slope deformation monitoring technology,the deformation monitoring method for slope surface based on digital close-range photogrammetry with unmanned aerial vehicle is proposed.According to the related theories of digital close-range photogrammetry,the calibration method for digital camera internal parameters and the calculation method for the coordinates monitoring points are determined.A general deformation monitoring object which can be installed on the existing slope surface of digital close-range photogrammetry and total-station measurement is developed to realize the joint monitoring.The results show that digital close-range photogrammetry technology is relatively sensitive to slope deformation,cooperated with special design of deformation monitoring target.The spatial points RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)in the first and second phase are 3.3 mm and 1.7 mm respectively.The point RMSE of horizontal displacement monitoring is 3.5 mm,and the elevation RMSE of vertical displacement monitoring is 1.6 mm,which meet the accuracy requirement of national standard for landslide monitoring.Besides,the production of deformation monitoring target is reliable and inexpensive,and has high application value.

关 键 词：变形监测 坡表变形 无人机 数字近景摄影测量 中误差 

分 类 号：U416.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]