空气源热泵空调除霜模式瞬态冲击与减振方法研究  

Research on transient impact and vibration reduction methods for defrosting mode of air source heat pump air conditioning

作　　者：顾超 杨洋 徐显明 韩伟涛 王冰 GU Chao;YANG Yang;XU Xianming;HAN Weitao;WANG Bing(Qingdao Haier A/C Electronic Co.,Ltd.Qingdao 266101)

机构地区：[1]青岛海尔空调电子有限公司,山东青岛266101

出　　处：《家电科技》2024年第2期68-73,共6页Journal of Appliance Science & Technology

摘　　要：某特定型号空气源热泵空调在北方0℃至-20℃低环境温度下运行2至5个制热季后,会出现冷凝器支管泄漏的不良问题,经排查发现冷凝器支管与冷凝器管板接触的位置发生磨损,导致制冷剂泄漏。采用西门子振动测试设备对发生制冷剂泄漏的热泵空调进行振动数据采集,结合有限元分析,发现导致冷凝器支管磨漏的原因是热泵空调除霜工况下四通阀切换时产生的振动冲击,经铜管传递至冷凝器支管,冷凝器支管与冷凝器管板翻遍孔过盈配合处产生相对振动。寒冷冬季情况下,冷凝器结霜速率快,热泵空调频繁进入除霜工况,四通阀频繁切换加速了冷凝器支管的磨损,最终发生泄漏。针对该问题,设计了新的减振胶块,将胶块安装在集气管和冷凝器支管振幅最大的位置,减轻四通阀冲击引起的支管振动,经试验测试,振幅降低50%以上,整改前,一个制热季冷凝器支管泄漏引起的售后为767起,直接损失金额为900500元;次年整改后,一个制热季冷凝器支管泄漏引起的售后为58起,直接损失金额66400元,整改后的售后件数降幅约为92%。A specific model of air source heat pump air conditioner,after operating in low ambient temperatures from 0℃to-20℃in the north for 2 to 5 heating seasons,test shows there is a problem of condenser branch pipe leakage.After investigation,it was found that the contact between the condenser branch pipe and the condenser tube plate was worn,resulting in refrigerant leakage.Siemens vibration testing equipment was used to collect vibration data of heat pump air conditioners with refrigerant leakage.Combined with finite element analysis,it was found that the cause of condenser branch pipe wear and leakage was the vibration impact generated during the four-way valve switching under the defrosting condition of the heat pump air conditioner.It was transmitted to the condenser branch pipe through the copper pipe,and relative vibration was generated at the interference fit of theflipping hole between the condenser branch pipe and the condenser tube plate.In cold winter conditions,the rate of frost formation in the condenser is fast,and the heat pump air conditioning frequently enters the defrosting condition.The frequent switching of the four-way valve accelerates the wear of the condenser branch pipe,ultimately leading to leakage.A new vibration damping rubber block was designed to address this issue.The rubber block was installed at the position where the amplitude of the gas collection pipe and condenser branch pipe was the highest,reducing the vibration caused by the impact of the four-way valve on the branch pipe.After experimental testing,the amplitude was reduced by more than 50%.Before the rectification,there were 767 after-sales cases caused by condenser branch pipe leakage in the previous heating season,with a direct loss of 900500 yuan.After the rectification the following year,there were 58 after-sales cases caused by condenser branch pipe leakage in the same heating season,the direct loss amount is 66400 yuan,and the reduction in after-sales cases after rectification is about 92%.

关 键 词：热泵空调 冷凝器支管 管路振动 四通阀 除霜工况 

分 类 号：TM925.12[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TB6[一般工业技术—制冷工程]