闽东方言变韵的机制与方向  

The Mechanism and the Direction of Syllabic Final Variants of the Eastern Min Dialects

作　　者：袁碧霞[1] 王非凡 Yuan Bixia;Wang Feifan(College of Humanities of Huaqiao University,Quanzhou Fujian 362021;School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学文学院,福建泉州362021 [2]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《语言科学》2024年第3期301-317,共17页Linguistic Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJA740051)资助。

摘　　要：从闽东方言的闽清县坂东镇新近出现的变韵现象出发,通过声学分析发现,变韵在不同声调条件下有不同的时长结构。闽东南北两片代表性方言(福州、连江、宁德、周宁)松紧复合韵母的声学分析显示,声调对元音时长的影响在先,继而元音时长的改变诱发其响度增减。因此,也可以说,声调影响元音时长,元音时长与相对响度相关,三者共同构成闽东方言变韵的机制。最后,结合闽东方言韵母的共时特点和历史演变,可以将变韵的基本规律归纳为首成分扩张与尾成分扩张两大类型,各韵母依声调环境而沿不同的方向演变。Based on the recent phenomenon of final variants in the town of Minqing Bandong(坂东)in eastern Min dialects,through acoustic analysis,we find that the final variants have different length structures between different tones.On the basis of the acoustic analysis of diphthongs in two representative dialects in southern and northern zone of Min dialects including Fuzhou(福州),Lianjiang(连江),Ningde(宁德)and Zhouning(周宁),we propose that the influence of tones on vowel duration comes first,subsequently the change of the vowel length leads to an increase or decrease in its loudness.Therefore,it may also be said that the tone affects the length of the vowel and that the relative loudness of the vowel is related to vowel length.So the tone,the length and loudness of vowel are the three factors which constitute the mechanism of the emergence of final variants.Finally,with reference to the common characteristics and historical evolution of eastern Min dialects,the article summarizes the basic rules of final variants in two types,i.e.the head component expansion and the end component expansion whereby the final variant developing in different directions according to the different tone condition.

关 键 词：闽东方言 变韵 机制 

分 类 号：H177[语言文字—汉语]