结构优化对不同叶位烟叶品质及挥发性物质含量的影响  

Effect of Structural Optimization on Quality and Aroma Component Content of Tobacco Leaves with Different Leaf Positions

作　　者：向羽 周成 黄楚天 何辉 柳洪入 XIANG Yu;ZHOU Cheng;HUANG Chu-tian(China Tobacco Hubei Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Enshi,Hubei 445000;Hubei Aromatic Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Enshi Branch,Enshi,Hubei 445000)

机构地区：[1]湖北中烟工业有限责任公司,湖北恩施445000 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北恩施445000 [3]上海市农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所农产品保鲜加工研究中心,上海201403

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第10期15-20,共6页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：[目的]研究结构优化对不同部位烟叶总酚、总黄酮、类胡萝卜素及挥发性物质含量的影响,寻求一种能有效提高烟草品质的烟草种植优化技术,为提高烟草香气品质,提升卷烟质量提供一定的理论和技术依据。[方法]以云烟87为材料,在种植基地对烟叶进行结构优化处理(将烟株最下端3片和最上端3片摘除),分析评价结构优化处理对不同部位烟叶总酚、总黄酮、类胡萝卜素及挥发性物质含量的影响。[结果]结构优化处理提高了烟叶中总酚和黄酮含量。烟草经结构优化处理后,第6、8、12、14叶位总酚含量相比对照分别提高了30.00%、21.70%、13.10%和5.00%,第4、10、12叶位烟叶中总黄酮含量也显著高于对照。通过SPME-GC-MS共检测到22种主要的挥发性物质,结构优化处理有效提高了烟叶中类胡萝卜素含量,不同叶位中以类胡萝卜素为前体合成的香气物质香叶基丙酮、β-大马酮、β-紫罗兰酮、二氢猕猴桃内酯和巨豆三烯酮等物质含量均受结构优化处理的影响,且不同的叶位影响程度不同。[结论]结构优化处理可有效提高不同叶位烟叶烤后总酚、总黄酮、类胡萝卜素含量,提升烟叶品质,其挥发性物质含量也被显著提高,可为提高烟草香气品质,提升卷烟质量提供一定的理论和技术依据。[Objective]To study the effects of structure optimization on the contents of total phenols,total flavonoids,carotenoids and aroma components in different parts of tobacco leaves,and to seek a tobacco planting optimization technology that can effectively improve tobacco quality,so as to provide certain theoretical and technical basis for improving tobacco aroma quality and cigarette quality.[Method]Tobacco leaf was used as material in the planting base for structural optimization treatment(the bottom 3 pieces and the top 3 pieces of tobacco were removed),and the effects of structural optimization treatment on the contents of total phenols,total flavonoids,carotenoids and aroma components in different parts of tobacco leaf were analyzed and evaluated.[Result]Structural optimization treatment increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in tobacco leaves.After structural optimization treatment,the total phenolic content in tobacco leaves at 6,8,12 and 14 positions was increased by 30.00%,21.70%,13.10%and 5.00%,respectively,compared with the control,and the total flavonoid content in tobacco leaves at 4,10 and 12 positions was also significantly higher than that of the control.A total of 22 main volatile substances were detected by SPME-GC-MS,and the structure optimization treatment effectively increased the carotenoid content in tobacco leaves.The contents of aroma substances synthesized from carotenoids as precursors were all affected by the structure optimization treatment.And the influence degree of different leaf position is different.[Conclusion]Structure optimization treatment can effectively increase the contents of total phenol,total flavone and carotenoid in cured tobacco leaves of different leaf positions,improve the quality of tobacco leaves,and significantly increase the content of aroma components,which provides a certain theoretical and technical basis for improving the aroma quality of tobacco and cigarette quality.

关 键 词：烟草 结构优化 烟叶品质 香气成分 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]