海洋沉积物碳循环过程数值模型的研究进展  

Advances in Numerical Modelling of Carbon Cycling Processes in Marine Sediments

作　　者：徐思南 吴自军[2] 张喜林 孙伟香 耿威[1,3] 曹红 翟滨[1,3] 孙治雷 Xu Sinan;Wu Zijun;Zhang Xilin;Sun Weixiang;Geng Wei;Cao Hong;Zhai Bin;Sun Zhilei(The Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Qingdao 266237,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Qingdao Urban Drainage Monitoring Station,Qingdao 266002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所自然资源部天然气水合物重点实验室,山东青岛266237 [2]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [4]青岛市城市排水监测站,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《地球科学》2024年第4期1431-1447,共17页Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.42176057,42276059,92358301);中国博士后科学基金项目(No.2023M741869);山东省博士后创新项目(No.SDCX-ZG-202302026);同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室开放课题(No.MGK202418).

摘　　要：海洋沉积物不仅是各种不同来源有机碳的重要埋藏场所,也是一个十分活跃的生物地球化学反应器,在全球海洋碳循环中扮演着重要角色.相对传统的地球化学测试和定性描述方法,数值模型可以突破时间和空间的限制,定量获取海洋沉积物中各个碳循环过程的反应速率及其通量,因此日益受到学界的重视.海洋沉积物有机质降解是驱动碳循环最为关键的生物地球化学过程,其释放进入周围孔隙水的溶解无机碳一部分可扩散至沉积物上覆水体,另一部分可与钙、镁等离子沉淀形成自生碳酸盐矿物.首先综述目前主要的3类沉积物有机质降解模型(离散性有机质降解模型、连续性有机质降解模型和Power模型)的建模过程及其在全球海洋沉积物有机质降解过程中的应用;接着从有机质降解相关的初级与次级反应出发,介绍沉积物中与有机质降解相关的地球化学过程反应速率模型的刻画方法,并从碳酸盐平衡体系和同位素质量平衡模式角度,探讨了沉积物有机质降解过程对自生碳酸盐形成及其碳同位素的影响;最后分析了当前阶段数学模型在描述有机质降解过程和自生碳酸盐形成中存在的问题和不足,并在此基础上展望未来亟需加强的研究要点,希企为深入理解海洋碳循环与全球气候变化相互反馈,建立可靠的海洋碳循环和生物地球化学预测系统提供有益的科学支撑.Marine sediment is not only a critical burial area of organic carbon from various sources but also a very active biogeochemical reactor,which plays a vital role in the global marine carbon cycle.Compared with the geochemical testing and qualitative description methods,the numerical model can break through the limitations of time and space and quantitatively obtain the reaction rate and flux of each carbon cycle process in marine sediments.Therefore,it has been paid more and more attention by the academic community.The degradation of organic matter in marine sediments is the most critical biogeochemical process driving the carbon cycle.Part of the dissolved inorganic carbon released into the surrounding pore water can diffuse to the overlying water column.The other part can form authigenic carbonate minerals with calcium and magnesium plasma precipitation.In this paper it firstly reviews the modeling process of three main types of sediment organic matter degradation models(discrete model,reactive continuum model,and Power model)and their applications in the global marine sediment organic matter degradation process.Then,starting from the primary and secondary reactions related to the degradation of organic matter,the description method of the reaction rate model of geochemical processes related to the degradation of organic matter in sediments is introduced,and the influence of the degradation of organic matter on the formation of authigenic carbonates and their carbon isotopes is discussed from the perspective of carbonate equilibrium system and isotope mass balance model.Finally,the problems and shortcomings of the current mathematical model in describing the degradation process of organic matter and the formation of authigenic carbonate are analyzed,and on this basis,the research points that need to be strengthened in the future are prospected.It is hoped that in this paper it will provide useful scientific support for understanding the mutual feedback between the ocean carbon cycle and global climate change and

关 键 词：海洋沉积物 碳循环 有机质降解 自生碳酸盐形成 数值模型 海洋地质学 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]