中南某市地铁站室内环境微生物污染状况及分布特征研究  

Study on the status and distribution characteristics of indoor environmental microbial pollution at a metro station of a city in central south China

作　　者：罗姣 苏丽琴 葛覃兮[2] 邵冉起[2] 李峰 奚伟豪 程淑燕 周纯良 彭蔚[4] 桂卓嘉[4] 彭敏兰[4] 杨敏 洪峰[1] 张必科[5] 王先良[2] 姚孝元[2] LUO Jiao;SU Li-qin;GE Qin-xi;SHAO Ran-qi;LI Feng;XI Wei-hao;CHENG Shu-yan;ZHOU Chun-liang;PENG Wei;GUI Zhuo-jia;PENG Min-lan;YANG Min;HONG Feng;ZHANG Bi-ke;WANG Xian-liang;YAO Xiao-yuan(Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Disease Monitoring,Ministry of Education,School of Public Health and Health,Guizhou Medical University Guiyang,Guiyang 561113,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳561113 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所,北京100050 [3]湖南省疾病预防控制中心 [4]湘潭市疾病预防控制中心 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第9期1580-1585,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600501);全国公共场所健康危害因素监测项目。

摘　　要：目的了解中南某市地下地铁站室内空气和公共设施物体表面微生物污染状况及分布特征。方法对中南某市三座地铁站室内不同区域、时间段空气细菌和真菌总数,重点公共设施表面细菌总数、真菌总数、大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄球菌进行采样检测。采用多元线性回归和logistic回归进行影响因素分析。结果地铁站室内空气细菌和真菌总数中位数分别为194.35和346.29CFU/m^(3);物表细菌和真菌总数中位数分别为15.00CFU/25cm^(2)和0CFU/50cm^(2),大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄球菌阳性率分别为2.22%和11.11%。地铁站室内空气微生物水平存在时空分布差异,其中站厅内细菌总数最高,站台内真菌总数最高;早高峰时段细菌总数最高,晚高峰时段真菌总数最高。检票机表面细菌和真菌总数均高于其他公共设施,中午公共设施表面真菌总数低于晚高峰时段,大肠菌群阳性率低于早高峰时段。地铁站室内空气细菌总数与温度(β=-0.06,95%CI:-0.11~-0.01)和风速(β=-0.28,95%CI:-0.55~-0.01)呈负相关关系;空气真菌总数与相对湿度(β=0.01,95%CI:0~0.02)呈正相关关系,与PM_(2.5)(β=-0.01,95%CI:-0.02~-0.01)呈负相关关系;物表细菌总数与PM_(2.5)(β=-0.04,95%CI:-0.07~-0.02)呈负相关关系。结论中南某市三座地铁站室内环境微生物水平较低,公共设施物体表面存在致病菌的污染。地铁站细菌和真菌浓度在不同区域和时间段的分布规律存在差异,且与温度、湿度、风速及PM_(2.5)有关。Objective To investigate the status and distribution characteristics of microbial pollution on the surface of indoor air and public facilities at a metro station of a city in the central south China.Methods The total number of bacteria and fungi in the air and those of bacteria,fungi,coliform,and Staphylococcus aureus on the surface of key public facilities were sampled and detected.Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors.Results The median of the total number of bacteria and fungi in the indoor air of metro station was 194.35 and 346.29 CFU/m^(3),respectively,the median of the total number of bacteria and fungi on the surface was 15.00CFU/25cm^(2) and 0.00CFU/50cm^(2),and the positive rates of coliform group and Staphylococcus aureus were 2.22%and 11.11%,respectively.There were differences in the temporal and spatial distribution of microorganisms in the indoor air of the metro:the total number of bacteria in the station hall was the highest and the total number of fungi in the platform was the highest;the total number of bacteria was the highest in the early peak period and the highest in the evening peak period.The total number of bacteria and fungi on the surface of the ticket inspection machine was higher than that of other public facilities,the total number of fungi on the surface of public facilities at noon was lower than that in the evening peak period,and the positive rate of coliform group was lower than that in the morning peak period.The total number of bacteria in the indoor air of subway station was negatively correlated with temperature(β=-0.06,95%CI:-0.11 to-0.01)and wind speed(β=-0.28,95%CI:-0.55 to-0.01).The total number of air fungi was positively correlated with relative humidity(β=0.01,95%CI:0.00 to 0.02)and negatively correlated with PM_(2.5)(β=-0.01,95%CI:-0.02 to-0.01).There was a negative correlation between the total number of bacteria on the surface and PM_(2.5)(β=-0.04,95%CI:-0.07 to-0.02).Conclusion The level of microorgani

关 键 词：地铁站 微生物污染 室内空气 物体表面 时空分布 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]